Abstract
The thermodynamic phase behavior and the morphology in thin films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) has been studied using calorimetry, X-ray scattering, and scanning force microscopy (AFM). Around 225 °C a phase transition from the crystalline state to a layered, liquid crystalline structure occurs in regioregular P3HT, while the regiorandom counterpart material is disordered at all temperatures and displays a glass transition temperature T g ≈−3 °C. Regioregular P3HT is semicrystalline and forms needle or plate like crystallites which in solution cast thin films are oriented with respect to the substrate. Films produced by spin coating display a non-equilibrium structure with reduced order and orientation. Annealing of these films in the liquid crystalline state leads to the formation of a morphology similar to the one observed in solution cast films.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Values given by the supplier.
References
Dimitrakopoulos CD, Masacaro DJ (2001) IBM J Res Dev 45:11
Fix W, Ullmann A, Ficker J, Clemens W (002) Appl Phys Lett 81:1735
Bao Z, Dodabalapur A, Lovinger AJ (1996) Appl Phys Lett 69:4108
Sirringhaus H, Tessler N, Friend R (1998) Science 280:1741
Sirringhaus H et al. (1999) Nature 401:685
Ballauff M (1989) Angew Chem 101:261
Mierzwa M, Floudas G, Stepanek P, Wegner G (2000) Phys Rev B 62:14012
Plate NA, Shibaev VP (1974) J Polym Sci Macromol Rev 8:117
Strobl G R (1997) The physics of polymers. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Reiter G, Castelein G, Sommer J-U (2003) In: Sommer J-U, Reiter G (eds) Polymer crystallization. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 131
Aasmundtveit K et al. (2000) Macromolecules 33:3120
Winokur MJ, Spiegel D, Kim Y, Hotta S, Heeger AJ (1989) Synth Met 28:C419
Malik S, Nandi AK (2002) J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 40:2073
Tashiro K et al. (1991) J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 29:1223
Prosa T, Winokur MJ (1992) Macromolecules 25:4364
Yamamoto T et al. (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:2047
Prosa T, Winokur MJ (1996) Macromolecules 29:3654
McCullough RD, Lowe RD (1992) J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1:70
McCullough RD, Ewbank PC (1998) In: The handbook of conducting polymers, 2nd edn. Marcell Dekker, New York
Chen T, Wu X, Rieke R (1995) J Am Chem Soc 117:233
Mao H, Xu B, Holdcroft S (1993) Macromolecules 26:1163
Mena-Osteritz E et al. (2000) Angew Chem Int Ed 112:2792
Grevin B, Rannou P, Payerne R, Pron A, Travers JP (2003) J Am Chem Soc 118:7097
Ihn KJ, Moulton J, Smith P (1993) J Pol Sci Part B Pol Phys 31:735
Marchant S, Foot PJS (1997) Polymer 38:1749
Matsen MW (1998) Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 3:40
Hamley IW (1998) The physics of block copolymers. Oxford University Press
Acknowledgement
We thank E. Hempel for the DSC measurements.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hugger, S., Thomann, R., Heinzel, T. et al. Semicrystalline morphology in thin films of poly(3-hexylthiophene). Colloid Polym Sci 282, 932–938 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-004-1100-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-004-1100-9