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Association of dietary and plasma carotenoids with urinary F2-isoprostanes

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Abstract

Purpose

Carotenoids may protect against chronic diseases including cancer and cardiometabolic disease by mitigating oxidative stress and/or inflammation. We cross-sectionally evaluated associations between carotenoids and biomarkers of oxidative stress or inflammation.

Methods

From 2003 to 2009, the Sister Study enrolled 50,884 breast cancer-free US women aged 35–74. Post-menopausal participants (n = 512) were randomly sampled to measure carotenoids and biomarkers of oxidative stress. Dietary carotenoid consumption was assessed using a validated 110-item Block 1998 food frequency questionnaire; use of β-carotene-containing supplements was also assessed. Plasma carotenoids were quantified, adjusting for batch. Urinary markers of lipid peroxidation, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and its metabolite (8-iso-PGF2α-M) were also measured. Since the biomarker 8-iso-PGF2α can reflect both oxidative stress and inflammation, we used a modeled 8-iso-PGF2α to prostaglandin F2α ratio approach to distinguish effects reflecting oxidative stress versus inflammation. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the associations of dietary and plasma carotenoids with the estimated biomarker concentrations.

Results

Total plasma carotenoids were inversely associated with 8-iso-PGF2α-M concentrations (P for trend across quartiles = 0.009). Inverse trends associations were also seen for α-carotene and β-carotene. In contrast, lutein/zeaxanthin showed associations with both 8-iso-PGF2α and 8-iso-PGF2α-M concentrations. The inverse association for total carotenoids appeared to be specific for oxidative stress (chemical 8-iso-PGF2α; Phighest vs. lowest quartile = 0.04 and P for trend across quartiles = 0.02). The pattern was similar for α-carotene. However, lutein/zeaxanthin tended to have a stronger association with enzymatic 8-iso-PGF2α, suggesting an additional anti-inflammatory effect. Supplemental β-carotene was inversely associated with both 8-iso-PGF2α and 8-iso-PGF2α-M concentrations, as well as with both chemical and enzymatic 8-iso-PGF2α. Dietary carotenoids were not associated with either biomarker.

Conclusion

Plasma carotenoids and supplemental β-carotene were associated with lower concentrations of 8-iso-PGF2α metabolite. Plasma carotenoids associations may reflect antioxidant effects.

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Data described in the manuscript, code book, and analytic code will be made available upon request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Barrett Welch, PhD, and Jacob Kresovich, PhD, (Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health) for providing their helpful comments.

Funding

This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES044005] and NIH Office of Dietary Supplements Research Scholars Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., #820, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA

    Yong-Moon Mark Park

  2. Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Mail Drop A3-05 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA

    Yong-Moon Mark Park, Thomas J. van‘t Erve, Katie M. O’Brien & Dale P. Sandler

  3. Social and Scientific Systems, Inc, Durham, NC, USA

    Jenna Lilyquist

  4. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Hazel B. Nichols

  5. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

    Ginger L. Milne

  6. Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    Clarice R. Weinberg

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  1. Yong-Moon Mark Park
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Contributions

Y-MP and DPS: designed the analysis; Y-MP: conducted the analysis, interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript; all the authors: assisted in interpreting the data and edited the manuscript; Y-MP and DPS: had final responsibility for final content; and all the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yong-Moon Mark Park or Dale P. Sandler.

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The Sister Study is overseen by the NIH Institutional Review Board.

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Park, YM.M., Lilyquist, J., van‘t Erve, T.J. et al. Association of dietary and plasma carotenoids with urinary F2-isoprostanes. Eur J Nutr 61, 2711–2723 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02837-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02837-8

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