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Associations of dietary, lifestyle, other participant characteristics, and oxidative balance scores with plasma F2-isoprostanes concentrations in a pooled cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Purpose

Plasma F2-isoprostanes (FiP) concentration, a reliably measured, valid, systemic oxidative stress biomarker, has been associated with multiple health-related outcomes; however, associations of most individual dietary and lifestyle exposures with FiP are unclear, and there is no reported oxidative balance score (OBS) comprising multiple dietary and/or lifestyle components weighted by their associations with FiP.

Methods

To investigate cross-sectional associations of dietary and lifestyle characteristics with plasma FiP concentrations, we used multivariable general linear models to compare adjusted mean FiP concentrations across categories of dietary nutrient and whole-food intakes and lifestyle characteristics in two pooled cross-sectional studies (n = 386). We also developed equal-weight and weighted OBS (nutrient- and foods-based dietary OBS, lifestyle OBS, and total OBS), and compared adjusted mean FiP concentrations across OBS tertiles.

Results

Among men and women combined, adjusted mean FiP concentrations were statistically significantly, proportionately 28.1% higher among those who were obese relative to those who were normal weight; among those in the highest relative to the lowest total nutrient intake tertiles, FiP concentrations were statistically significantly lower by 9.8% for carotenes, 13.6% for lutein/zeaxanthin, 10.9% for vitamin C, 12.2% for vitamin E, 11.5% for glucosinolates, and 5% for calcium. Of the various OBS, the weighted OBS that combined total nutrient intakes and lifestyle exposures was most strongly associated with FiP concentrations: among those in the highest relative to the lowest total OBS, mean FiP concentrations were statistically significantly 29.7% lower (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Multiple dietary and lifestyle characteristics, individually, and especially collectively, may contribute to systemic oxidative stress.

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Availability of data and material

Data from this study are available upon application to the corresponding author.

Code availability

The code supporting this current study is available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health under Grant R01 CA66539; The Fullerton Foundation; and The Anne and Wilson P. Franklin Foundation. None of the funding agencies had any role in the conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Mailstop 1518-002-3BB, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Ziling Mao & Roberd M. Bostick

  2. Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Roberd M. Bostick

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Contributions

RMB and ZM were primarily responsible for the project conception and design. RMB collected the data. ZM and RMB were primarily responsible for analyzing and interpreting the data and writing the manuscript. RMB supervised the analysis project and manuscript writing. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Roberd M. Bostick.

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This paper was produced based on secondary analyses of de-identified data from two previously closed studies. The original studies were approved by the respective Institutional Review Boards of the corresponding institutions (Wake Forest University School of Medicine and the University of South Carolina), and all participants were willing to participate and able to understand and provide informed consent.

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Mao, Z., Bostick, R.M. Associations of dietary, lifestyle, other participant characteristics, and oxidative balance scores with plasma F2-isoprostanes concentrations in a pooled cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 61, 1541–1560 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02754-2

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