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Chronic oral exposure to pesticides and their consequences on metabolic regulation: role of the microbiota

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Abstract

Pesticides have long been used in agriculture and household treatments. Pesticide residues can be found in biological samples for both the agriculture workers through direct exposure but also to the general population by indirect exposure. There is also evidence of pesticide contamination in utero and trans-generational impacts. Whilst acute exposure to pesticides has long been associated with endocrine perturbations, chronic exposure with low doses also increases the prevalence of metabolic disorders such as obesity or type 2 diabetes. Dysmetabolism is a low-grade inflammation disorder and as such the microbiota plays a role in its etiology. It is therefore important to fully understand the role of microbiota on the genesis of subsequent health effects. The digestive tract and mostly microbiota are the first organs of contact after oral exposure. The objective of this review is thus to better understand mechanisms that link pesticide exposure, dysmetabolism and microbiota. One of the key outcomes on the microbiota is the reduced Bacteroidetes and increased Firmicutes phyla, reflecting both pesticide exposure and risk factors of dysmetabolism. Other bacterial genders and metabolic activities are also involved. As for most pathologies impacting microbiota (including inflammatory disorders), the role of prebiotics can be suggested as a prevention strategy and some preliminary evidence reinforces this axis.

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  1. Flore Depeint and Hafida Khorsi-Cauet are final author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. PeriTox UMR_I 01 Laboratory, University Center for Health Research, CURS-UPJV, Picardy Jules Verne University, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France

    Narimane Djekkoun, Jean-Daniel Lalau, Véronique Bach & Hafida Khorsi-Cauet

  2. Service Endocrinologie, Diabétologie, Nutrition, CHU Amiens Picardie, Site Nord, 80054, Amiens cedex 1, France

    Jean-Daniel Lalau

  3. Unité Transformations & Agroressources ULR7519, Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle—Université d’Artois, 60026, Beauvais, France

    Flore Depeint

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Djekkoun, N., Lalau, JD., Bach, V. et al. Chronic oral exposure to pesticides and their consequences on metabolic regulation: role of the microbiota. Eur J Nutr 60, 4131–4149 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02548-6

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