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A bridge for short-chain fatty acids to affect inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease positively: by changing gut barrier

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European Journal of Nutrition Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

In previous studies, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been found to regulate gut microbiota and change gut barrier status, and the potential positive effects of SCFAs on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have also been found, but the role of SCFAs in these three diseases is not clear. This review aims to summarize existing evidence on the effects of SCFAs on IBD, T1D, and NHFLD, and correlates them with gut barrier and gut microbiota (gut microbiota barrier).

Methods

A literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, and Wiley Online Library up to October 2020 was conducted for all relevant studies published.

Results

This is a retrospective review of 150 applied research articles or reviews. The destruction of gut barrier may promote the development of IBD, T1D, and NAFLD. SCFAs seem to maintain the gut barrier by promoting the growth of intestinal epithelial cells, strengthening the intestinal tight connection, and regulating the activities of gut microbiota and immune cells, which might result possible beneficial effects on the above three diseases at a certain dose.

Conclusions

Influencing gut barrier health may be a bridge for SCFAs (especially butyrate) to have positive effects on IBD, T1D, and NAFLD. It is expected that this article can provide new ideas for the subsequent research on the treatment of diseases by SCFAs and help SCFAs be better applied to precise and personalized treatment.

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Abbreviations

SCFAs:

Short-chain fatty acids

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

T1D:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

NAFLD:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

HDAC:

Inhibiting histone deacetylase

GPR:

G protein-coupled receptors on cells

IECs:

Intestinal epithelial cells

TJ:

Tight junction

AJ:

Adhesion junction

Treg:

Regulatory T cell

Th:

T helper cell

IL-x:

Interleukin-x

IFN-γ:

Interferon-γ

TLR2:

Toll-like receptor 2

TRAF6:

TNF receptor-related factor 6

MCD:

Methionine choline deficiency

ERK:

Extracellular-regulated protein kinases

NASH:

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

DSS:

Dextran sulfate sodium

NF-κ b:

Nuclear factor-κ b

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Acknowledgements

I would like to thank my collaborators for their support and help.

Funding

This research was supported by Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. D19C200001).

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  1. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Wangxin Liu, Xianliang Luo, Jun Tang, Qiufen Mo, Hao Zhong, Hui Zhang & Fengqin Feng

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Liu, W., Luo, X., Tang, J. et al. A bridge for short-chain fatty acids to affect inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease positively: by changing gut barrier. Eur J Nutr 60, 2317–2330 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02431-w

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