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Pelargonidin 3-glucoside-enriched strawberry attenuates symptoms of DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease and diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine whether the anthocyanin, pelargonidin 3-glucoside (P3G), attenuates symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and metabolic syndrome in rats.

Methods

We tested P3G-enriched strawberry in two models of chronic inflammation in rats, chronic IBD induced by 0.5% dextran sodium sulphate in the drinking water for 12 weeks (D) and metabolic syndrome induced by a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (H) for 16 weeks. P3G-enriched strawberry was added to the diet for the final 6 weeks in IBD rats (DP) or 8 weeks in H rats (HP) to provide a dose of 8 mg P3G/kg/day.

Results

D rats had marked diarrhoea, bloody stools, erosion of mucosal epithelium, crypt atrophy, loss of villi and goblet cells, and inflammatory cell infiltration. These symptoms were reversed by P3G with healthy stools and mucosal lining of ileum and colon including increased villi, crypts and goblet cells and reduced inflammation. H rats developed hypertension, dyslipidaemia, central obesity, increased ventricular stiffness, cardiac and liver inflammation, and steatosis. P3G treatment in H rats improved systolic blood pressure, ventricular stiffness, and cardiac and liver structure, and reduced abdominal fat, abdominal circumference and body weight gain.

Conclusions

Our study indicates that dietary P3G decreased inflammation to decrease the symptoms of IBD, and to improve cardiovascular, liver and metabolic functions in metabolic syndrome.

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Acknowledgement

Rat urine samples were analysed for sugars at the Central Analytical Research Facility (CARF) of the Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point, Brisbane, with the assistance of Dr. Rajesh Gupta. Gut histology was performed at the CARF, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, with the assistance of Ms Felicity Lawrence. We thank Brian Bynon, School of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, for the plasma analyses. This work was supported by funding received from the University of Southern Queensland Research and Innovation Division.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia

    Naga KR Ghattamaneni, Ashwini Sharma, Sunil K. Panchal & Lindsay Brown

  2. School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia

    Ashwini Sharma & Lindsay Brown

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  1. Naga KR Ghattamaneni
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NKRG, SKP and LB developed the original study aims. NKRG and AS conducted the experiments. NKRG and AS analysed the data whereas NKRG, SKP and LB interpreted the data; NKRG, SKP and LB prepared manuscript drafts and contributed to the final version. LB has been the corresponding author throughout the writing process. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lindsay Brown.

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Ghattamaneni, N.K., Sharma, A., Panchal, S.K. et al. Pelargonidin 3-glucoside-enriched strawberry attenuates symptoms of DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease and diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats. Eur J Nutr 59, 2905–2918 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-02130-1

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