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Even effect of milk protein and carbohydrate intake but no further effect of heavy resistance exercise on myofibrillar protein synthesis in older men

European Journal of Nutrition Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The responsiveness of older individuals’ skeletal muscle to anabolic strategies may be impaired. However, direct comparisons within the same experimental setting are sparse. The aim of this study was to assess the resting and post-resistance exercise muscle protein synthesis rates in response to two types of milk protein and carbohydrate using a unilateral exercise leg model.

Methods

Twenty-seven older (69 ± 1 year, mean ± SE) men were randomly assigned one of three groups: Whey hydrolysate (WH), caseinate (CAS), or carbohydrate (CHO). By applying stable isotope tracer techniques (L-[15N]phenylalanine), the fasted-rested (basal) myofibrillar fractional synthesis rate (FSR) was measured. Hereafter, FSR was measured in the postprandial phase (0.45 g nutrient/kg LBM) in both legs, one rested (fed-rest) and one exercised (10 × 8 reps at 70% 1RM; fed-exercise). In addition, the activity of p70S6K and venous plasma insulin, phenylalanine, and leucine concentrations were measured.

Results

Insulin, phenylalanine, and leucine concentrations differed markedly after intake of the different study drinks. The basal FSR in WH, CAS, and CHO were 0.027 ± 0.003, 0.030 ± 0.003, and 0.030 ± 0.004%/h, the fed-rested FSR were 0.043 ± 0.004, 0.045 ± 0.003, and 0.035 ± 0.004%/h, and the fed-exercised FSR were 0.041 ± 0.004, 0.043 ± 0.004, and 0.034 ± 0.004%/h, respectively. No significant differences were observed at any state between the groups. Fed-rested- and fed-exercised FSR were higher than basal (P < 0.001). 3 h after exercise and feeding, no significant group differences were detected in the activity of p70S6K.

Conclusions

Milk protein and carbohydrate supplementation stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis in older men, with no further effect of heavy resistance exercise within 0–3 h post exercise.

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Acknowledgements

We thank our voluntary participants for their time and effort, and Ann-Marie Sedstrøm and Ann-Christina Reimann for technical assistance and analyses. Arla Foods Ingredients P/S supported this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, building 8, 1st floor, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark

    Søren Reitelseder, Kasper Dideriksen, Jakob Agergaard, Nikolaj M. Malmgaard-Clausen, Rasmus L. Bechshoeft & Lars Holm

  2. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Lars Holm

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Rasmus K. Petersen

  4. Arla Foods amba, Viby J, Denmark

    Anja Serena

  5. Arla Foods Ingredients Group P/S, Viby J, Denmark

    Ulla R. Mikkelsen

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  1. Søren Reitelseder
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Contributions

SR, KD, JA, NMM-C, RLB conducted the experimental work; SR, KD, JA, RKP, and LH analysed and interpreted data; SR, KD, AS, URM, and LH designed study; SR drafted the manuscript; all authors edited and revised the manuscript. All authors approved the final content and this version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Søren Reitelseder.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. Anja Serena is employed at Arla Foods amba, and Ulla R. Mikkelsen is employed at Arla Foods Ingredients P/S.

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Reitelseder, S., Dideriksen, K., Agergaard, J. et al. Even effect of milk protein and carbohydrate intake but no further effect of heavy resistance exercise on myofibrillar protein synthesis in older men. Eur J Nutr 58, 583–595 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1641-1

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