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Starch-enriched diet modulates the glucidic profile in the rat colonic mucosa

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Abstract

Purpose

The protective function of the intestinal mucosa largely depends on carbohydrate moieties that as a part of glycoproteins and glycolipids form the epithelial glycocalyx or are secreted as mucins. Modifications of their expression can be induced by an altered intestinal microenvironment and have been associated with inflammatory disorders and colorectal cancer. Given the influence of dietary factors on the gut ecosystem, here we have investigated whether a long term feeding on a starch-rich diet can modulate the glucidic profile in the colonic mucosa of rats.

Methods

Animals were divided into two groups and maintained for 9 months at different diets: one group was fed a standard diet, the second was fed a starch-enriched diet. Samples of colonic mucosa, divided in proximal and distal portions, were processed for microscopic analysis. Conventional stainings and lectin histochemistry were applied to identify acidic glycoconjugates and specific sugar residues in oligosaccharide chains, respectively. Some lectins were applied on adjacent sections after sialidase/fucosidase digestion, deacetylation, and oxidation to characterize either terminal dimers or sialic acid acetylation.

Results

An increase in sulfomucins was found to be associated with the starch-enriched diet that affected also the expression of several sugar residues as well as fucosylated and sialylated sequences in both proximal and distal colon.

Conclusions

Although the mechanisms leading to such a modulation are at present unknown, either an altered intestinal microbiota or a dysregulation of glycosylation patterns might be responsible for the types and distribution of changes in the glucidic profile here observed.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by University of Camerino (Grant no: FAR 2014-15).

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  1. School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, I, Camerino, 62032, Macerata, Italy

    Maria Gabriella Gabrielli & Daniele Tomassoni

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  1. Maria Gabriella Gabrielli
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  2. Daniele Tomassoni
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Correspondence to Maria Gabriella Gabrielli.

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Gabrielli, M.G., Tomassoni, D. Starch-enriched diet modulates the glucidic profile in the rat colonic mucosa. Eur J Nutr 57, 1109–1121 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1393-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1393-3

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