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A high-fat high-sucrose diet affects the long-term metabolic fate of grape proanthocyanidins in rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Polyphenol metabolites are key mediators of the biological activities of polyphenols. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet on the metabolism of proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract (GSE).

Methods

Adult female Wistar–Kyoto rats were fed a standard (STD) or HFHS diet supplemented or not with GSE for 16 weeks. PA metabolites were determined by targeted HPLC–MS/MS analysis.

Results

A lower concentration of total microbial-derived PA metabolites was present in urine and the aqueous fraction of faeces in the HFHS + GSE group than in the STD + GSE group. In contrast, a tendency towards the formation of conjugated (epi)catechin metabolites in the HFHS + GSE group was observed.

Conclusions

These results show that a HFHS diet significantly modifies PA metabolism, probably via: (1) a shift in microbial communities not counteracted by the polyphenols themselves; and (2) an up-regulation of hepatic enzymes.

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Abbreviations

EC:

(Epi)catechin

EGC:

(Epi)gallocatechin

Gluc:

Glucuronyl group

GSE:

Grape seed extract

HFHS:

High-fat high-sucrose diet

Me:

Methyl group

MetS:

Metabolic syndrome

MRM:

Multiple reaction monitoring

MS:

Mass spectrometry

PA:

Proanthocyanidin

STD:

Standard

Sulf:

Sulphate group

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Acknowledgments

Language revision by Christopher Evans is appreciated. This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grants: AGL2009-12374-C03-01, -02 and -03; and AGL2013-49079-C2-1, 2 and -R, and through a doctoral fellowship to L.M.). The Panamanian Government (SENACYT/IFARHU) awarded a graduate fellowship to E.M.-T. The ISCIII is acknowledged for a “Sara Borrell” postdoctoral contract to J.P.-J. (CD09/00068). The funding sources did not have any role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Eunice Molinar-Toribio

    Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama

  2. Jara Pérez-Jiménez

    Present address: Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain

    Eunice Molinar-Toribio, Sara Ramos-Romero, Josep Lluís Torres & Jara Pérez-Jiménez

  2. Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Elisabet Fuguet

  3. Serra-Húnter Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain

    Elisabet Fuguet

  4. Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain

    Núria Taltavull & M. Rosa Nogués

  5. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain

    Lucía Méndez & Isabel Medina

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  1. Eunice Molinar-Toribio
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Correspondence to Jara Pérez-Jiménez.

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Molinar-Toribio, E., Fuguet, E., Ramos-Romero, S. et al. A high-fat high-sucrose diet affects the long-term metabolic fate of grape proanthocyanidins in rats. Eur J Nutr 57, 339–349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1323-9

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