Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Glyceamic and insulinaemic response to mashed potato alone, or with broccoli, broccoli fibre or cellulose in healthy adults

  • Original Contribution
  • Published:
European Journal of Nutrition Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To examine the role of realistic serving sizes of broccoli, broccoli fibre and cellulose co-consumed with mash potato, or mashed potato eaten alone, on glycaemic and insulinaemic responses (GR and IR) in healthy adults.

Method

A non-blind randomized crossover trial was conducted with thirteen healthy subjects consuming four different meals. Capillary blood samples between 0 and 180 min were analysed for glucose and insulin. The incremental area under the fasting blood glucose and insulin curves (iAUC) was calculated for different time increments. Differences in GR and IR between meals were assessed by repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results

The immediate GR and IR to one serving of mashed potato eaten with two servings of broccoli were significantly lower than mashed potato eaten alone. The peak, incremental peak and iAUC0–30min for GR and iAUC0–30min for IR were all significantly lower for the broccoli–potato meal. This meal also takes longer to return to fasting baseline with a time-delayed lag in IR and GR compared to the potato only meal. The iAUC60–120min for IR was significantly greater for the broccoli–potato meal compared to the other meals. Yet there was no corresponding significant difference between the broccoli–potato meal and the other meals for peak, incremental peak IR or any other iAUCs for GR and IR. For the potato meals containing added broccoli fibre or cellulose, no significant differences in GR or IR were observed when compared with the potato eaten alone.

Conclusion

Co-consumption of cooked broccoli with mashed potato has a significant effect on glycaemic and insulinaemic responses compared to potato eaten alone. Our study suggests broccoli eaten with potato improves glucose homeostasis and therefore indicates a general beneficial nutritional role for broccoli when eaten with a carbohydrate staple.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wolever TMS (2006) The Glycaemic Index: a physiological classification of dietary carbohydrates. CABI, Wallingford

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Hätönen KA, Virtamo J, Eriksson JG, Sinkko HK, Sundvall JE, Valsta LM (2011) Protein and fat modify the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to a mashed potato-based meal. Br J Nutr 106:248–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Sun L, Ranawana DV, Leow MK-S, Henry CJ (2014) Effect of chicken, fat and vegetable on glycaemia and insulinaemia to a white rice-based meal in healthy adults. Eur J Nutr 53:1719–1726

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Gustafsson K, Asp N, Hagander B, Nyman M (1993) Effects of different vegetables in mixed meals on glucose homeostasis and satiety. Eur J Clin Nutr 47:192–200

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gustafsson K, Asp N-G, Hagander B, Nyman M (1995) Satiety effects of spinach in mixed meals: comparison with other vegetables. Int J Food Sci Nutr 46:327–334

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kameyama N, Maruyama C, Matsui S, Araki R, Yamada Y, Maruyama T (2014) Effects of consumption of main and side dishes with white rice on postprandial glucose, insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 responses in healthy Japanese men. Br J Nutr 111:1632–1640

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Mandimika T, Paturi G, De Guzman CE, Butts CA, Nones K, Monro JA, Butler RC, Joyce NI, Mishra S, Ansell J (2012) Effects of dietary broccoli fibre and corn oil on serum lipids, faecal bile acid excretion and hepatic gene expression in rats. Food Chem 131:1272–1278

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Gidley MJ (2013) Hydrocolloids in the digestive tract and related health implications. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 18:371–378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Dhital S, Dolan G, Stokes JR, Gidley MJ (2014) Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch in the presence of cereal soluble fibre polysaccharides. Food Funct 5:579–586

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Maki KC, Carson ML, Miller MP, Turowski M, Bell M, Wilder DM, Rains TM, Reeves MS (2008) Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and methylcellulose consumption reduce postprandial insulinemia in overweight and obese men and women. J Nutr 138:292–296

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. NMKL (2003) Nitrogen. Determination in foods and feeds according to Kjeldahl, NMKL method No. 6, 4th edn. Nordic Committee on Food Analysis

  12. Croon L, Fuchs G (1980) Fetthaltsbestämning i mjöl och mjölprodukter. Vår Föda 32:425–427

    Google Scholar 

  13. Prosky L, Asp N-G, Furda I, DeVries JW, Schweizer TF, Harland BF (1984) Determination of total dietary fiber in foods and food products: collaborative study. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 68:677–679

    Google Scholar 

  14. Englyst HN, Quigley ME, Hudson GJ (1994) Determination of dietart fiber as non-starch polysaccharides with gas-liquid-chromatographic, high-performance liquid-chromatographic or spectrophotometric measurement of constituent sugars. Analyst 119:1497–1509

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Helgerud T, Knutsen SH, Afseth NK, Stene KF, Rukke EO, Ballance S (2016) Evaluation of hand-held instruments for representative determination of glucose in potatoes. Potato Res 59:99–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Brouns F, Bjorck I, Frayn K, Gibbs A, Lang V, Slama G, Wolever T (2005) Glycaemic index methodology. Nutr Res Rev 18:145–171

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. SS-ISO-6496 (2005) Animal feeding stuffs—determination of moisture and other volatile matter content (ISO 6496:1999, IDT). Swedish Standards Institute, Stockholm

    Google Scholar 

  18. NMKL (2005) ASH, gravimetric determination in foods. NMKL method No. 173, 2nd edn. Nordic Committee on Food Analysis

  19. EU (2011) Regulation (EU) No. 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the provision of food information to consumers. Off J Eur Union L304:18–63

    Google Scholar 

  20. Vallejo F, Tomás-Barberán F, García-Viguera C (2003) Health-promoting compounds in broccoli as influenced by refrigerated transport and retail sale period. J Agric Food Chem 51:3029–3034. doi:10.1021/jf021065j

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Vallejo F, Tomás-Barberán FA, Ferreres F (2004) Characterisation of flavonols in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) by liquid chromatography–UV diode-array detection–electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr 1054:181–193. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.045

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Griffiths DW (1981) The polyphenolic content and enzyme inhibitory activity of testas from bean (Vicia faba) and pea (Pisum spp.) varieties. J Sci Food Agric 32:797–804

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Welsch CA, Lachance PA, Wasserman BP (1989) Dietary phenolic compounds: inhibition of Na+-dependent d-glucose uptake in rat intestinal brush border membrane vesicles. J Nutr 119:1698–1704

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Tydeman EA, Parker ML, Faulks RM, Cross KL, Fillery-Travis A, Gidley MJ, Rich GT, Waldron KW (2010) Effect of carrot (Daucus carota) microstructure on carotene bioaccessibility in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 2. In vivo digestions. J Agric Food Chem 58:9855–9860

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Tydeman EA, Parker ML, Wickham MS, Rich GT, Faulks RM, Gidley MJ, Fillery-Travis A, Waldron KW (2010) Effect of carrot (Daucus carota) microstructure on carotene bioaccessibilty in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 1. In vitro simulations of carrot digestion. J Agric Food Chem 58:9847–9854

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Monro JA (2013) Kiwifruit, carbohydrate availability, and the glycemic response. Adv Food Nutr Res 68:257–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Takahashi T, Furuichi Y, Mizuno T, Kato M, Tabara A, Kawada Y, Hirano Y, Ky Kubo, Onozuka M, Kurita O (2009) Water-holding capacity of insoluble fibre decreases free water and elevates digesta viscosity in the rat. J Sci Food Agric 89:245–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Takahashi T, Karita S, Ogawa N, Goto M (2005) Crystalline cellulose reduces plasma glucose concentrations and stimulates water absorption by increasing the digesta viscosity in rats. J Nutr 135:2405–2410

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Takahashi T, Sakata T (2002) Large particles increase viscosity and yield stress of pig cecal contents without changing basic viscoelastic properties. J Nutr 132:1026–1030

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hardacre AK, Yap S-Y, Lentle RG, Monro JA (2015) The effect of fibre and gelatinised starch type on amylolysis and apparent viscosity during in vitro digestion at a physiological shear rate. Carbohydr Polym 123:80–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the skilful technical assistance of Aida Sainz Fernandez, Hanne Zobel, Vibeke Høst and Ingunn Berget. This study is part of project no. 225148 in The Research Council of Norway with financial support by the Research Funding for Agriculture and the Food Industry in Norway (85 %) and Norwegian potato industry (15 %). Additional financial support (25 % of total) is acknowledged from Project no. 225347/F40 in The Research Council of Norway with funds from the Norwegian Levy on Agricultural Products.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Osloveien 1, 1430, Ås, Norway

    Simon Ballance & Svein Halvor Knutsen

  2. Fjordland AS, Brynsengveien, Oslo, Norway

    Øivind Winther Fosvold

  3. Leatherhead Food Research, Leatherhead, UK

    Martin Wickham & Carmen Díaz-Toledo Trenado

  4. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    John Monro

Authors
  1. Simon Ballance
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Svein Halvor Knutsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Øivind Winther Fosvold
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Martin Wickham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Carmen Díaz-Toledo Trenado
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. John Monro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Simon Ballance.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical standards

All human studies have been approved by the appropriate ethics committee and therefore have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Informed consent

All persons participating in the clinical study gave informed consent prior to their inclusion.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ballance, S., Knutsen, S.H., Fosvold, Ø.W. et al. Glyceamic and insulinaemic response to mashed potato alone, or with broccoli, broccoli fibre or cellulose in healthy adults. Eur J Nutr 57, 199–207 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1309-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1309-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation