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Impact of a functionalized olive oil extract on the uterus and the bone in a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

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Abstract

Purpose

The Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables and olive oil has been related to a lower osteoporosis incidence and accordingly to a reduced fracture risk. These observations might be mediated by the active constituents of extra virgin olive oil, and especially polyphenols. In the context of exploring the features of olive oil active constituents on postmenopausal osteoporosis, an extra virgin olive oil total polyphenolic fraction (TPF) was isolated and its effect on the bone loss attenuation was investigated.

Methods

Female Lewis rats were ovariectomized and fed a diet enriched with a total phenolic extract of extra virgin olive oil in a concentration of 800 mg/kg diet.

Results

Oleocanthal, one compound of the polyphenolic fraction, showed a higher relative estrogen receptor binding affinity to the ERα compared to the ERβ. While the TPF only slightly induced the uterine wet weight (490.7 ± 53.7 vs. 432.7 ± 23, p = 0.058), TPF regulated estrogen response genes in the uterus (progesterone receptor, antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki67, complement C3). Comparing the quantified bone parameters, the oral TPF substitution did not attenuate the ovariectomy-induced bone loss.

Conclusions

The administration of extra virgin olive oil polyphenols regulated uterine estrogen response marker genes in an E2-agonistic manner. The bone loss induced by estrogen ablation was not mitigated by treatment with the polyphenolic extract.

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Abbreviations

EVOO:

Extra virgin olive oil

TPF:

Total polyphenolic fraction

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Acknowledgments

The present work was funded by SYNERGASIA 2009 PROGRAMME. This Programme is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and National Resources (Project code: OSTEOPRO-1076).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Annekathrin Martina Keiler, Oliver Zierau & Günter Vollmer

  2. Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany

    Ricardo Bernhardt & Dieter Scharnweber

  3. Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Athens Panepistimioupolis, Zographou, 15771, Athens, Greece

    Nikolaos Lemonakis, Aikaterini Termetzi, Leandros Skaltsounis & Maria Halabalaki

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  1. Annekathrin Martina Keiler
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Correspondence to Annekathrin Martina Keiler.

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Keiler, A.M., Zierau, O., Bernhardt, R. et al. Impact of a functionalized olive oil extract on the uterus and the bone in a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Eur J Nutr 53, 1073–1081 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-013-0609-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-013-0609-4

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