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High dietary taurine inhibits myocardial apoptosis during an atherogenic diet: association with increased myocardial HSP70 and HSF-1 but not caspase 3

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Abstract

Background and aim

Apoptosis is a major cause of myocyte death, and taurine is anti-apoptotic. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) (which is regulated by heat shock factor—HSF-1) is also anti-apoptotic, and caspase 3 stimulates the apoptotic pathway. This study investigated whether taurine affects atherogenic diet-induced myocardial apoptosis, and whether HSP70, HSF-1 and caspase 3 are involved.

Methods

New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups for 4 weeks according to their diet. Group 1 (control) was fed a normal rabbit diet; Group 2 (MC) received a normal rabbit diet with 1 % methionine plus 0.5 % cholesterol. Group 3 received MC diet + 2.5 % taurine (MCT).

Results

The atherogenic diet did not affect myocardial HSP70 or HSF-1 protein, but increased myocardial apoptotic nuclei to 40 % (p < 0.01) versus 7 % in con and 12 % in MCT (p < 0.01). However, in MCT, myocardial HSP70 expression increased by 42.7 % versus con and MC (p = 0.016), HSF-1 by 12 % versus con and MC (p < 0.05), and total nuclei count increased by 37 % versus MC (p < 0.05). Caspase 3 subunits remained unchanged in all groups, and HSP70 was increased approximately twofold in endothelial layer of arterioles (p = 0.01).

Conclusion

This study shows that taurine could reduce myocardial apoptotic nuclei and thus confer myocardial cytoprotection via stimulating myocardial HSP70 via HSF-1 and caspase 3-independent mechanisms.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the infrastructure support from Professor David Hare. As well, we acknowledge the technical support of Kenneth Leong, Gary Tan, Angela Kourakis, Zamzania Shalih, Widya Simatupang, Felix Dalimartha, and Ira Muchji. This work was supported by the National Health Medical Research Council and National Heart Foundation of Australia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    M. Setyarani

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100, Sassari, Italy

    A. Zinellu & C. Carru

  3. College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    A. Zulli

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  1. M. Setyarani
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  2. A. Zinellu
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Correspondence to A. Zulli.

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Setyarani, M., Zinellu, A., Carru, C. et al. High dietary taurine inhibits myocardial apoptosis during an atherogenic diet: association with increased myocardial HSP70 and HSF-1 but not caspase 3. Eur J Nutr 53, 929–937 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-013-0596-5

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