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Differential effects of high-fat-diet rich in lard oil or soybean oil on osteopontin expression and inflammation of adipose tissue in diet-induced obese rats

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Abstract

Purpose

To examine the effect of different dietary fat types on osteopontin (OPN) expressions and inflammation of adipose tissues in diet-induced obese rats.

Methods

Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one control group fed standard diet (LF, n = 10) and two high-fat diet groups fed isoenergy diet rich in lard or soybean oil (HL or HS, n = 45 each). Diet-induced obese rats in HL and HS group were then subdivided into two groups either continuously fed high-fat diet or switched to low-fat diet for 8 more weeks. Fasting serum glucose, insulin, and OPN concentrations were assayed and QUICKI was calculated; the expression of OPN, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, NF-κB, and F4/80 in adipose tissue was determined.

Results

Both high-fat diets lead to comparable development of obesity characterized by insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. Obese rats continuously fed high-fat diet rich in lard oil exhibited the highest fasting serum insulin level and adipose tissue OPN, F4/80, TNF-α, and NF-κB expression level. In both high-fat diet groups, switching to low-fat diet resulted in less intra-abdominal fat mass, decreased expression of F4/80, TNF-α, and NF-κB, while decreased OPN expression was only observed in lard oil fed rats after switching to low-fat diet.

Conclusions

Reducing diet fat or replacing lard oil with soybean oil in high-fat diet alleviates obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance by attenuating the upregulation of OPN and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue induced by high-fat diet.

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Abbreviations

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

HL:

High-fat diet rich in lard

HS:

High-fat diet rich in soybean oil

LF:

Low-fat standard chow

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acid

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa B

OPN:

Osteopontin

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

QUICKI:

Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

IL-10:

Interleukin-10

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30671765) and Scientific Research Foundation for Returned overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Education of China (No. 20101561).

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoke Wang, Mengjie Cheng, Min Zhao, Aiguo Ge, Fangfang Guo, Min Zhang, Yanhong Yang, Liegang Liu & Nianhong Yang

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  1. Xiaoke Wang
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Correspondence to Nianhong Yang.

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Wang, X., Cheng, M., Zhao, M. et al. Differential effects of high-fat-diet rich in lard oil or soybean oil on osteopontin expression and inflammation of adipose tissue in diet-induced obese rats. Eur J Nutr 52, 1181–1189 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0428-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0428-z

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