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Association between systemic sclerosis and venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis: a meta-analysis

Zusammenhang zwischen systemischer Sklerose und venöser Thromboembolie, Lungenembolie und tiefer Venenthrombose: eine Metaanalyse

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Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the published data pertaining to the correlation between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods

We conducted manual searches and explored MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases to review papers reporting the risk of VTE in patients with SSc. A meta-analysis was performed exploring the relative risks (RRs) of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and VTE in these individuals.

Results

Six trials that included 41,105 patients with SSc were eligible for inclusion. A meta-analysis of the six included studies revealed a statistically significant correlation (RR 2.372, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.608–3.500, p < 0.001) between the risk of VTE and SSc. Regional subgroup study revealed a strong correlation between SSc and VTE risk in Americans, Europeans, and Asians. Additionally, a significant correlation between SSc and PE risk was observed (RR 3.154, 95% CI = 1.320–7.539, p = 0.010). Finally, the meta-analysis revealed a substantial correlation (RR 5.190, 95% CI = 1.513–17.01, p = 0.009) between the risk of DVT and SSc.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis showed that SSc is linked to an increased risk of DVT, PE, and VTE. This finding underscores the importance of close monitoring for the emergence of these conditions in patients with SSc.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die veröffentlichten Daten über die Korrelation zwischen venöser Thromboembolie (VTE) und systemischer Sklerose (SSc) zu untersuchen.

Methoden

Dazu erfolgte eine manuelle Suche in den Datenbanken MEDLINE, EMBASE und Cochrane, um Arbeiten zu erfassen, in denen das Risiko einer VTE bei Patienten mit SSc beschrieben wurde. Es wurde eine Metaanalyse durchgeführt, in der die relativen Risiken (RR) für tiefe Venenthrombose (TVT), Lungenembolie (LE) und VTE bei diesen Personen untersucht wurde.

Ergebnisse

Zum Einbezug in die Auswertung eigneten sich 6 Studien mit 41.105 SSc-Patienten. Eine Metaanalyse der 6 eingeschlossenen Studien ergab eine statistisch signifikante Korrelation (RR 2,372; 95%-Konfidenzintervall [95%-KI]: 1,608–3,500; p < 0,001) zwischen dem Risiko für eine VTE und SSc. In der regionalen Subgruppenstudie zeigte sich eine starke Korrelation zwischen SSc und dem VTE-Risiko bei Amerikanern, Europäern und Asiaten. Außerdem wurde eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen SSc und dem LE-Risiko festgestellt (RR 3,154; 95%-KI: 1,320–7,539; p = 0,010). Schließlich ergab die Metaanalyse eine wesentliche Korrelation (RR 5,190; 95%-KI: 1,513–17,01; p = 0,009) zwischen dem Risiko für eine TVT und SSc.

Schlussfolgerung

Die vorliegende Metaanalyse zeigte, dass SSc mit einem erhöhten Risiko für TVT, LE und VTE verknüpft ist. Dieses Ergebnis unterstreicht die Wichtigkeit einer engmaschigen Überwachung in Bezug auf das Auftreten dieser Erkrankungen bei Patienten mit SSc.

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Data availability statement

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Further enquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 02841, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Young Ho Lee & Gwan Gyu Song

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  1. Young Ho Lee
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  2. Gwan Gyu Song
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Contributions

Young Ho Lee was involved in conception and design of study, acquisition of data, analysis and/or interpretation of data, drafting the manuscript, and revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. Gwan Gyu Song was involved in conception and acquisition of data, analysis and/or interpretation of data, and revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Young Ho Lee.

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Conflict of interest

Y.H. Lee and G.G. Song declare that they have no competing interests.

For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.

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Uwe Lange, Bad Nauheim

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Lee, Y.H., Song, G.G. Association between systemic sclerosis and venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis: a meta-analysis. Z Rheumatol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-024-01481-3

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