Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Immunmodulierende Langzeitbehandlungen sind auch für Spondyloarthritiden (SpA) einschließlich Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) zur Standardbehandlung geworden. Es bestehen jedoch Fragen zur Dosisreduktion oder zum Behandlungsstopp bei wenig aktiver oder inaktiver Erkrankung.
Fragestellung
Wann ist eine Medikamentenreduktion oder ein Behandlungsstopp bei SpA möglich?
Material und Methoden
Es erfolgten eine nichtsystematische Literatursuche mit Fokus auf Praxisrichtlinien, systematische Metaanalysen und klinische Studien zur medikamentösen Langzeitbehandlung sowie freiwilligen Medikamentenreduktion bei axialer und nichtaxialer SpA einschließlich PsA.
Ergebnisse
Die Chancen einer medikamentenfreien Remission sind sowohl bei einer mit Biologika behandelten axialen SpA als auch bei PsA gering, während sowohl bei Remission als auch bei niedriger Krankheitsaktivität eine Reduktion der kumulativen Biologikadosis in 53–100 % der Fälle ohne signifikante Zunahme der Krankheitsaktivität gelingen kann. Dabei müssen der gegenwärtige Remissionsstatus und dessen Dauer mit oder ohne Komedikation von nichtsteroidalen Antirheumatika, extraartikuläre Krankheitsmanifestationen und die Ergebnisse früherer Behandlungsversuche sorgfältig vor einer elektiv vorzunehmenden Dosisreduktion beurteilt werden.
Diskussion
Die Reduktion der Langzeitbehandlung ist eine individuelle Entscheidung, die Arzt und Patienten im Konsens treffen sollten. Das Risiko von Schüben und das Aufflammen extraartikulärer Krankheitsmanifestationen muss dabei gegenüber den Vorteilen der Medikamentenreduktion abgewogen werden. Die anhaltende medikamentenfreie Krankheitsremission ist bei sorgfältig für eine Biologikabehandlung selektierten SpA- und PsA-Patienten zu selten, als dass ein späterer freiwilliger Behandlungsstopp – zumindest nicht ohne vorherige vorsichtige Dosisreduktion – empfohlen werden kann.
Abstract
Background
Immunomodulatory long-term treatment has also become the standard treatment for spondyloarthritides (SpA), including psoriatic arthritis (PsA); however, uncertainty exists about dose reduction or termination of treatment after remission or low disease activity.
Objective
When is it possible to reduce medication or terminate treatment for SpA?
Material and methods
An extensive non-systematic literature search was performed focusing on practice guidelines, systematic meta-analyses and clinical trials on medicinal long-term treatment and voluntary medication reduction in axial and peripheral SpA, including PsA.
Results
The chances of drug-free remission after treatment with biologics for axial SpA and in PsA are low; however, in remission or a state of low disease activity reduction of the cumulative dosage of biologics can be successful in 53–100% of cases without a significant increase in disease activity. The current state and duration of remission, with or without comedication with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), extra-articular disease manifestations and the results of previous treatment attempts have to be carefully taken into consideration before elective dose reduction.
Conclusion
Reduction of long-term treatment is an individualized decision made jointly by patients and physicians. The risk of flares and especially of extra-articular disease manifestations needs to be weighed against the possible advantages of reduced medication. Maintainenance of mediction-free disease remission is too rare in SpA or PsA patients carefully selected for biologics treatment, to allow a later voluntary termination of therapy, without at least a prior cautious attempt at dose reduction.
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G. Scholz und B. Möller geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
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P.M. Villiger, Bern
U. Müller-Ladner, Bad Nauheim
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Scholz, G., Möller, B. Ausschleichen und Beenden von immunsuppressiven Therapien bei Spondyloarthritiden (einschließlich Psoriasisarthritis). Z Rheumatol 76, 21–26 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-016-0242-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-016-0242-8