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Biosimilars in der Rheumatologie

Entwicklung und Ergebnisse klinischer Studien

Biosimilars in rheumatology

Development and results of clinical trials

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

In diesem Artikel wird das Design klinischer Studien im Rahmen der Entwicklung von Biosimilars in Europa und in den USA vorgestellt, und es werden Erkenntnisse aus klinischen Studien mit Biosimilars für entzündlich bedingte Erkrankungen beleuchtet.

Methoden

Alle verfügbaren Informationen (Internet und PubMed) zur klinischen Entwicklung von Biosimilars für entzündliche Erkrankungen, insbesondere rheumatische Erkrankungen (u. a. rheumatoide Arthritis; Psoriasis; Psoriasisarthritis und Spondyloarthritiden) wurden zusammengestellt. Die Veröffentlichungen der European Medicines Agency (EMA) und der US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) wurden im Hinblick auf Empfehlungen zu Biosimilars durchsucht.

Ergebnisse

Die EMA hat bereits vor mehr als 10 Jahren Empfehlungen zur Entwicklung von Biosimilars veröffentlicht und mehrere Biosimilars zugelassen. Die FDA hat ebenfalls Empfehlungen zur präklinischen und klinischen Entwicklung von Biosimilars veröffentlicht. Bis zum Februar 2015 war jedoch noch kein Biosimilar entsprechend diesen Empfehlungen zugelassen.

Schlussfolgerung

Bestehen nach der präklinischen Entwicklung noch offene Fragen hinsichtlich der Vergleichbarkeit von „Biosimilar“ und Referenzprodukt, können diese ggf. in klinischen Studien beantwortet werden. Pharmakokinetische und pharmakodynamische Studien sind essenziell für die frühe klinische Entwicklung und weitere Phase-3-Studien. Weitere wichtige zu berücksichtigende Faktoren für Studien zu Biosimilars in der klinischen Entwicklung sind die Studienpopulation, das Studiendesign, Endpunkte, Größe der Stichprobe, Studiendauer und methodisch-analytische Fragen

Abstract

Background

This article presents the design of clinical trials for the development of biosimilars in the European Union and the United States, with special focus on inflammatory diseases.

Methods

All information available in PubMed and the Internet relating to the clinical development of biosimilars in inflammatory rheumatic conditions (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis) was collated. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) websites were screened for guidelines on biosimilars.

Results

More than 10 years ago the EMA began to publish guidelines for the development of biosimilars and several biosimilars have now been approved. In the USA the FDA has published guidance for the nonclinical and clinical development of biosimilars but until early 2015 no biosimilar had been approved.

Conclusion

Clinical trials aim to resolve uncertainties that may remain following nonclinical development regarding the similarity of the proposed biosimilar with the reference product. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are essential for early clinical development and further phase 3 clinical studies. Factors to be considered in the clinical process include study population, design, endpoints, sample size, duration and analytical methods.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. R. Alten gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Correspondence to R. Alten.

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Alten, R. Biosimilars in der Rheumatologie. Z Rheumatol 74, 682–688 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-014-1487-8

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