Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der systemische Lupus erythematosus (SLE) ist eine komplexe Autoimmunerkrankung. Die Erkrankung ist gekennzeichnet durch einen Verlust der immunologischen Toleranz gegenüber nukleären Antigenen, durch abnorme B- und T-Zellantworten und durch Autoantikörperproduktion. Während in den 1950er Jahren die 5-Jahresüberlebensrate lediglich 50 % betrug, wird die 10-Jahresüberlebensrate derzeit auf etwa 70–92 % geschätzt. Dieser Fortschritt liegt sicherlich an einem besseren Verständnis der Pathogenese, das in der Vergangenheit bessere Therapiemöglichkeiten eröffnet hat und neue Perspektiven für zukünftige Therapieansätze erwarten lässt.
Ziel der Arbeit
Das derzeitige Wissen um die Pathogenese sowie der aktuelle Stand neuer Therapieansätze des SLE werden dargestellt.
Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Durch die Verbesserung des Verständnisses der Pathophysiologie haben sich auch die therapeutischen Optionen verbessert, die in Zukunft eine Verbesserung der Prognose der Patienten bei Reduktion der Krankheitslast erwarten lassen. Es befinden sich aktuell mehrere Medikamente im Zulassungsverfahren und vor Kurzem wurde erstmalig seit über 50 Jahren ein neues Medikament für den SLE zugelassen, ein monoklonaler Antikörper gegen BAFF/BLyS.
Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs and is characterized by a loss of peripheral tolerance against nuclear antigens, pathogenic B and T cell responses and production of autoantibodies. The prevalence is estimated to be 40 per 100,000 in the population in Europe but can be as high as 150 patients per 100,000 among the Afro-Caribbean population. Although the 5-year survival rate in the 1950s was estimated to be only 50 %, the 10-year survival rate is currently estimated to be 70–92 %. This progress is particularly due to a better understanding of the pathogenesis that opened up better therapeutic possibilities in the past and now raises new perspectives for future therapy approaches.
Objective
The current knowledge on the pathogenesis and the current situation of new therapeutic approaches for SLE are presented.
Results and discussion
This progress in the therapeutic options was made possible by a better understanding of the pathophysiology, which leads to the expectation of an improvement in the prognosis of patients due to reduction in the burden of the disease in the future. Several new therapeutic medications are currently awaiting approval and recently for the first time in more than 50 years a new medication for SLE was approved, a monoclonal antibody to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like ligand, B-cell activating factor (BAFF) belonging to the TNF family also named B-cell lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), BAFF/BLyS.
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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien
Interessenkonflikt. K. Tenbrock hat Vortragsvergütungen von den Firmen Novartis und Abbott erhalten und wird aktuell durch die Novartis Stiftung für Therapeutische Forschung mit einer projektbezogenen Förderung finanziell unterstützt. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
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Tenbrock, K. Pathogenese und neue Therapieansätze beim systemischen Lupus erythematosus. Z. Rheumatol. 73, 890–896 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-014-1399-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-014-1399-7