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Systemischer Lupus erythematodes im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Systemic lupus erythematosus in children and adolescents

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Zusammenfassung

Der Anteil an SLE-Patienten im Kindes- und Jugendalter macht 15–20% aller SLE-Patienten aus. Die klinische Symptomatik unterscheidet sich nicht wesentlich von der erwachsener Patienten. Jedoch scheint die Erkrankung in jungen Jahren zumindest initial schwerer zu verlaufen und mit einer höheren Organbeteiligung einherzugehen. Eine rasche Diagnose und anschließende Behandlung sind nötig, um eine relevante Organschädigung zu verhindern. Die Überlebensrate hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten, nach Einführung der Glukokortikoide und Immunsuppressiva, deutlich gebessert, sodass das Augenmerk nun auf die Verminderung von Langzeitkomplikationen und Therapienebenwirkungen gelegt werden muss. Einheitliche Therapiestrategien gibt es nicht, jedoch vielversprechende neue Therapieansätze. Diese Übersichtsarbeit gibt Einblicke in die Epidemiologie, Pathogenese, Klinik und Therapie des juvenilen SLE.

Abstract

Children and adolescents represent 15–20% of all systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Although the clinical presentation and immunological findings are similar to those of adult SLE, children usually have a more severe disease at onset with higher rates of organ involvement. Rapid diagnosis and subsequent therapy are necessary to prevent major organ damage. The survival of children with SLE has improved dramatically over the past decades due to the introduction of steroids and immunosuppressive drugs. New strategies to improve the long-term course of the disease and to reduce potential drug toxicities are necessary. A common concept does not exist. There are some promising new drugs. This review article summarizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and therapy of childhood and adolescent-onset SLE.

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Sallmann, D.S., Fiebig, B., Hedrich, C.M. et al. Systemischer Lupus erythematodes im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Z. Rheumatol. 65, 576–586 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-006-0115-7

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