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Etanerceptbehandlung bei rheumatoider Arthritis—monozentrische Langzeitbeobachtung über vier Jahre

Four-year observation of etanercept therapy for rheumatoid arthritis in a single German center

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Zusammenfassung

Der Tumornekrosefaktorhemmstoff Etanercept wird erfolgreich zur Behandlung chronisch entzündlicher Erkrankungen eingesetzt. Bislang gibt es keine sicheren Hinweise auf eine Häufung von schweren unerwünschten Ereignissen unter der Therapie. Die vorliegende Arbeit dokumentiert Effektivität und Sicherheit einer Langzeitbehandlung über vier Jahre mit Etanercept bei 29 Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis in einem deutschen Studienzentrum. Kontrolluntersuchungen erfolgten in monatlichen Abständen. Das Ansprechen wurde in einer „Intention-to-treat“-Analyse (Last Observation Carried Forward) anhand der ACR- und EULAR-Kriterien beurteilt. Der Auswertung liegen 95 Patientenjahre zugrunde, der mediane Beobachtungszeitraum betrug 50 (4–52) Monate. Nach 4 Jahren befanden sich noch 21 Patienten in der Studie. Gründe für den Studienabbruch waren Ineffektivität (n=3), schwerwiegende unerwünschte Ereignisse (n=1), lange Anfahrten zum Studienzentrum (n=2), geplante Operation (n=1) und Schwangerschaftswunsch (n=1). Innerhalb von 6 Monaten nahmen Morgensteifigkeit, die Anzahl der schmerzhaften und geschwollenen Gelenke, C-reaktives Protein, Blutkörperchensenkungsgeschwindigkeit und DAS28 signifikant ab. Am letzten verfügbaren Untersuchungszeitpunkt erreichten 26 Patienten (90%) die ACR20-, 17 Patienten (59%) die ACR50- und 6 Patienten (21%) die ACR70-Kriterien. Gemäß den EULAR-Kriterien sprachen 14 Patienten (48%) gut und weitere 12 Patienten (41%) mäßig gut an. Schwerwiegende unerwünschte Ereignisse traten in Form einer Sigmaperforation mit nachfolgender Sepsis (Woche 17), einer zweimaligen Nahtinsuffizienz nach Achillessehnenruptur (Wochen 3 und 9), einer Pneumonie (Woche 121) sowie eines Mammakarzinoms (Woche 197) auf. In unserem Patientenkollektiv war die Langzeitbehandlung mit Etanercept über einen Zeitraum von vier Jahren effektiv und sicher. Zur Identifikation seltener oder spät auftretender schwerer unerwünschter Ereignisse unter der Therapie mit Biologika sollte eine Dokumentation in zentralen Registern wie der Langzeitbeobachtung des Deutschen Rheuma- Forschungszentrums erfolgen.

Summary

The tumor necrosis factor blocking agent etanercept is effective in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Previously published studies provided no evidence for an elevated frequency of severe adverse events under therapy. The present work documents efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with etanercept up to four years in 29 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in single German study center. Follow-up examinations were conducted at monthly intervals. The response was assessed in an intention-to-treat analysis (last observation carried forward) according to the ACR and EULAR criteria. The evaluation is based on 95 patient years, the median observation period was 50 (4–52) months. After four years, 21 pa- tients were still in the study. Reasons for study dropouts were inefficacy (n=3), severe adverse events (n=1), long distance to study center (n=2), scheduled surgery (n=1), and desire for pregnancy (n=1). Morning stiffness, the number of painful and swollen joints, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and DAS28 significantly decreased within 6 months. At their most recent visit, 26 patients (90%) had achieved the ACR20, 17 patients (59%) the ACR50, and 6 patients (21%) the ACR70 criteria. Subject to the EULAR criteria, 14 patients (48%) responded well and another 12 patients (41%) moderately well. Severe adverse events occurred in the form of a sigma perforation with subsequent sepsis (week 17), suture insufficiency (twice) following rupture of an Achilles tendon (weeks 3 and 9), pneumonia (week 121), and breast cancer (week 197). In our patients, long-term treatment with etanercept continued to be effective and safe up to four years. Severe adverse events were rare and not more frequent than expected. For the detection of uncommon or late occurring severe adverse events under the treatment with biologic agents, documentation in central registers should be encouraged.

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Schotte, H., Schorat, M.A., Willeke, P. et al. Etanerceptbehandlung bei rheumatoider Arthritis—monozentrische Langzeitbeobachtung über vier Jahre. Z. Rheumatol. 64, 265–273 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-005-0675-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-005-0675-y

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