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Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer in young women: a systematic review of the literature

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Abstract

Background and purpose

In female colorectal cancer patients, a mean proportion of synchronous and/or metachronous ovarian metastases of 3.4% was described. Previous literature showed that young or premenopausal women (≤ 55 years of age) may be more frequently affected. Once ovarian metastases are diagnosed, the prognosis of the patient is generally dismal, with 5-year survival varying from 12 to 27%.

The present study is aimed at determining the proportion of young or premenopausal women diagnosed with colorectal cancer who presented with or developed ovarian metastases by reviewing the current literature on this topic.

Methods

This review was performed by querying MEDLINE and EMBASE databases using a combination of terms: “colorectal neoplasms, colorectal cancer, ovarian neoplasms, Krukenberg tumor, young adult, young age, premenopause.” Studies that indicated ovarian metastases, either synchronous or metachronous (or a combination of the two), in young women were retrieved and analyzed.

Results

The review identified 14 studies encompassing 3379 young or premenopausal female colorectal cancer patients. In this selected group of patients, a mean proportion of ovarian metastases of 4.6% [95% CI: 4.0;5.4] was found.

Conclusions

This review showed that approximately one in twenty young female colorectal cancer patients will present with or develop ovarian metastases. Since outcome of this specific oncological pathology is often dismal, this finding is clinically relevant. It demonstrates the need to develop strategies to lower the incidence of ovarian metastases with adequate treatment and counseling of these patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, PO BOX 7777, 5500 MB, Veldhoven, Netherlands

    Richard van der Meer, Elysa Rostamkhan & Rudi Roumen

  2. Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, Netherlands

    Checca Bakkers & Ignace de Hingh

  3. GROW - School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands

    Ignace de Hingh & Rudi Roumen

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  1. Richard van der Meer
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  2. Checca Bakkers
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Contributions

All the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Literature search and data analysis was performed by van der Meer. The first draft of the manuscript was written by van der Meer and all the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript. All the authors (van der Meer; Bakkers; Rostamkhan; de Hingh; Roumen) contributed equally to this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Richard van der Meer.

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van der Meer, R., Bakkers, C., Rostamkhan, E. et al. Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer in young women: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Colorectal Dis 36, 2567–2575 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-021-04012-7

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