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Neoadjuvant chemoradiation with concomitant boost radiotherapy associated to capecitabine in rectal cancer patients

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International Journal of Colorectal Disease Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The primary end-points were complete pathological response and local control. Secondary end-points were survivals, anal sphincter preservation, and toxicity profile.

Methods

Patients with T3/T4 and or N+ rectal cancer (n = 65) were treated with preoperative concomitant boost radiotherapy (55 Gy/25 fractions) associated to concurrent chemotherapy with oral capecitabine.

Results

All patients completed the programmed treatment. The complete pathological response was achieved by 17 % of the patients. Anal sphincter preservation surgery was possible for 86 % of the patients with low rectal cancer (≤5 cm from the anal verge). The T-stage and N-stage downstaging were achieved by 40 and 58 % of the patients, respectively. Circumferential radial margin was involved (close/positive) in eight patients. After a median follow-up of 26 months, local and distant recurrence occurred in two and 11 patients, respectively. The 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival were 86.8 and 81 %, respectively. Non-hematological ≥ grade 3 toxicities were observed in 15 % of the patients. On univariate analysis N-downstaging and positive circumferential radial margin were significantly associated with worse overall survival (p = 0.003 and p = 0.023, respectively), disease-free survival (p = 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p = 0.001 and p = 0.038, respectively).On multivariate analysis, the N-downstaging were significantly associated with better overall survival (OS) (p = 0.022).

Conclusions

Our data support the efficacy of preoperative treatment for rectal cancer in terms of local outcomes. Radiation treatment intensification may have a biological rationale; longer follow-up is needed.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Radiation Oncology, Sant’Andrea Hospital Sapienza Rome University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, Rome, 00189, Italy

    Mattia F. Osti, Linda Agolli, Stefano Bracci, Maurizio Valeriani, Teresa Falco, Vitaliana De Sanctis & Riccardo Maurizi Enrici

  2. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza Rome University, Rome, Italy

    Luigi Masoni

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  1. Mattia F. Osti
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Correspondence to Linda Agolli.

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Osti, M.F., Agolli, L., Bracci, S. et al. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation with concomitant boost radiotherapy associated to capecitabine in rectal cancer patients. Int J Colorectal Dis 29, 835–842 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-014-1879-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-014-1879-x

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