References
Sterk P, Keller L, Jochims H, Klein P, Stelzner F, Bruch HP, Markert U (2002) Lymphoscintigraphy in patients with primary rectal cancer: the role of total mesorectal excision for primary rectal cancer—a lymphoscintigraphic study. Int J Colorectal Dis 17:137–142
Morgan M, Koorey D, Painter, D Findlay M, Newland R, Chapuis P, Solomon M (2003) p53 and DCC immunohistochemistry in curative rectal cancer surgery. Int J Colorectal Dis 18:188–195
Mulcahy HE, Hyland J, O'Donoghue DP (2003) From dinosaurs to DNA: a history of colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 18:210–215
Hermanek P, Hohenberger W, Klimpfinger M, Köckerling F, Papadopoulos T (2003) The pathological assessment of mesorectal excision: implications for further treatment and quality management. Int J Colorectal Dis 18:335–341
Günther K, Radkow T, Reymond MA, Pflüger R, Dimmler A, Hohenberger W, Papadopoulos T (2003) Angiogenesis and dendritic cell density are not correlated with metachronous distant metastasis in curatively operated rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 18:300–308
Kapiteijn E, Marijnen C, Colenbrander A, Klein Kranenbarg E, Steup W, van Krieken J, van Houwelingen J, Leer J, van de Velde C (1998) Local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer diagnosed between 1988 and 1992: a population-based study in the west Netherlands. Eur J Surg Oncol 24:528–535
Kapiteijn E, Marijnen C, Nagtegaal I, Putter H, Steup W, Wiggers T, Rutten H, Pahlman L, Glimelius B, van Krieken J, Leer J, van de Velde C (2001) Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 345:638–646
Tepper J, O'Connell M, Niedzwiecki D, Hollis D, Benson A, Cummings B, Gunderson L, Macdonald J, Martenson J, Mayer R (2002) Adjuvant therapy in rectal cancer: analysis of stage, sex, and local control—final report of Intergroup 0114. J Clin Oncol 20:1744–1750
Wolmark N, Wieand H, Hyams D, Colangelo L, Dimitrov N, Romond E, Wexler M, Prager D, Cruz A, Gordon P, Petrelli N, Deutsch M, Mamounas E, Wickerham D, Fisher E, Rockette H, Fisher B (2000) Randomized trial of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for carcinoma of the rectum: National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol R-02. J Natl Cancer Inst 92:388–396
Rudzki Z, Zazula M, Okon' K, Stachura J (2002) Colorectal carcinoma in Poland in 1975 and 1995: not only more, but also different. Int J Colorectal Dis 17:161–170
NIH Consensus Conference (1990) Adjuvant therapy for patients with colon and rectal cancer. JAMA 264:1444–1450
Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group (1985) Prolongation of the disease free interval in surgically treated rectal carcinoma. N Engl J Med 312:1465–1472
Krook J, Moertel C, Gunderson L, Wieand H, Collins R, Beart R, Kubista T, Poon M, Meyers W, Mailliard J, Twito D, Morton R, Veeder M, Witzig T, Cha S, Vidyarthi S (1991) Effective surgical adjuvant therapy for high risk rectal carcinoma. N Engl J Med 324:709–715
Ayanian J, Zaslavsky A, Fuchs C, Guadagnoli E, Creech C, Cress R, O'Conner L, West D, Allen M, Wolf R, Wright W (2003) Use of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy for colorectal cancer in a population-based cohort. J Clin Oncol 21:1293–1300
Valero G, Lujan JA, Hernandez Q, de las Heras M, Pellicer E, Serrano A, Parilla P (2003) Neo-adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy in rectal cancer does not increase postoperative complications. Int J Colorectal Dis (http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-003-0520-1)
Crane CH, Skibber JM, Feig BW, Vauthey JN, Curley SA, Rodriguez-Bigas MA ; Wolff RA, Ellis LM, Delclos ME, Lin EH, Janjan NA (2003) Response to preoperative chemoradiation increases the use of sphinkter-preserving surgery in patients with locally advanced low rectal carcinoma. Cancer 97:517–524
Gerard JP, Chapet O, Nemoz C, Romestaing P, Mornex F, Coquard R, Barbet N, Atlan D, Adeleine P, Freyer G (2003) Preoperative concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer with high-dose radiation and oxaliplatin containing regimen: the Lyon R0-04 Phase II Trial. J Clin Oncol 21:1119–1124
O'Connell M, Martenson J, Wieand H, Krook J, Macdonald J, Haller D, Mayer R, Gunderson L, Rich T (1994) Improving adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer by combining protracted-infusion fluorouracil with radiation therapy after curative surgery. N Engl J Med 331:502–507
Hyams DM, Mamounas EP, Petrelli N, Rockette H, Jones J, Wieand HS, Deutsch M, Wickerham L, Fisher B, Wolmark N (1997) A clinical trial to evaluate the worth of preoperative multimodality therapy in patients with operable carcinoma of the rectum: a progress report of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project R-03. Dis Colon Rectum 40:131–139
Camma' C, Giunta M, Fiorica F, Pagliaro L, Craxı' A, Cottone M (2000) Preoperative radiotherapy for resectable rectal cancer. A meta-analysis. JAMA 284:1008–1015
Colorectal Cancer Collaborative Group (2001) Adjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer: a systematic overview of 8507 patients from 22 randomised trials. Lancet 358:1291–1304
Eifel P, Jhingran A, Bodurka DC, Levenback C, Thames H (2002) Correlation of smoking history and other patient characteristics with major complications of pelvic radiation therapy for cervical cancer. J Clin Oncol 20:3651–3657
Merkel S, Mansmann U, Siassi M, Papadopoulos T, Hohenberger W, Hermanek P (2001) The prognostic inhomogeneity in pT 3 rectal carcinomas. Int J Colorectal Dis 16:298–304
Marusch F, Koch A, Schmidt U, Zippel R, Gastmeier J, Ludwig K, Geißler S, Pross M, Gastinger I, Lippert H (2002) Impact of age on the short-term postoperative outcome of patients undergoing surgery for colorectal carcinoma. Int J Colorectal Dis 17:177–184
Dahlberg M, Stenborg A, Pahlman L, Glimelius B (2002) Cost-effectiveness of preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer: results from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54:654–660
Vincenzo Violi V, Boselli AS, De Bernardinis M, Costi R, Trivelli M, Roncoroni L (2002) A patient-rated, surgeon-corrected scale for functional assessment after total anorectal reconstruction. An adaptation of the Working Party on Anal Sphincter Replacement scoring system. Int J Colorectal Dis 17:327–337
Kim NK, Lim DJ, Yun SH, Sohn SK, Min SJ (2001) Ultralow anterior resection and coloanal anastomosis for distal rectal cancer: functional and oncological results. Int J Colorectal Dis 16:234–237
Palmer BV, Lockley WL, Palmer RB, Kulinskaya E (2002) Improvement in irritable bowel syndrome following ano-rectal surgery. Int J Colorectal Dis 17:402–411
Ho P, Law WL, Chan SC, Lam CK, Chu KW (2003) Functional outcome following low anterior resection with total mesorectal excision in the elderly. Int J Colorectal Dis 18:230–233
Gelber R, Goldhirsch A, Cole B, Wieand H, Schroeder G, Krook J (1996) A quality-adjusted time without symptoms or toxicity (Q-TWiST) analysis of adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy for resectable rectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:1039–1045
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This commentary refers to the article http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-003-0520-1
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Höcht, S. Evaluating toxicity in neoadjuvant radio-chemotherapy of rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 18, 500–502 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-003-0521-0
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-003-0521-0