Epigastric heteropagus twins – a report of four cases

Abstract

Asymmetrical conjoined twinning is an extremely rare congenital anomaly constituting only 1%–2% of all conjoined twins. In epigastric heteropagus twins (EHT), the dependent portion (parasite) is smaller than the host (autosite). The embryopathy is related to incomplete cleavage of the embryo at 2 weeks of gestation. However, some form of ischaemic insult in early gestation leads to selective atrophy of the cranial part of one of the monozygous twins. We report our experience with four cases of EHT and a review of the literature with a discussion of possible embryopathy.