Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Protective role of cyclosporine in experimental unilateral blunt testicular trauma: evaluation by 31P MR spectroscopy

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Pediatric Surgery International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a useful tool to study the anatomy of the testis while 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a non-invasive alternative method to demonstrate the metabolic status of testes. This study was designed to test whether the protective role of cyclosporine in experimental unilateral blunt testicular trauma (UBTT) could be assessed by 31P MRS. Male Wistar rats (n=30) aged 20 days were randomised into group I (sham surgery), group II (UBTT) and group III (UBTT and cyclosporine for 7 days). Contralateral testicles of 5 rats from each group was evaluated by 31P MRS at 30 and 60 days of age and phosphomonoesters (PM), phosphodiesters (PD), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were measured. At 60 days of age the PM/ATP ratio was 0.32±0.08 in group I whereas it was 0.68±0.31 in the group II (p<0.05). Group III rats showed PM, PD and PM/ATP ratios similar to the controls. In conclusion, it is observed that UBTT causes contralateral testicular damage which could be prevented by short-term cyclosporine treatment and 31P MRS is an excellent modality for such an evaluation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chehval MJ, Martin SA, Alexander NJ et al. (1995) The effect of unilateral injury to the vas deferens on the contralateral testis in immature and adult rats. J Urol 153:1313–1315

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Clausen OPF, Purvis K, Hansson V (1978) Quantitation of spermatogenesis by flow cytometric DNA measurements. Int J Androl [Suppl 2] 1:513–522

    Google Scholar 

  3. El-Demiry MI, Hargreave TB, Busuttil A et al. (1985) Lymphocyte sub-populations in the male genital tract. Br J Urol 57:769–774

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. El-Demiry MI, Hargreave TB, Busuttil A et al. (1987) Immunocompetent cells in human testis in health and disease. Fertil Steril 48:470–479

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gilula NB, Fawcett DW, Aoki A (1976) The sertoli cell occluding junctions and gap junction in mature and developing mammalian testis. Dev Biol 50:142–168

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Giwercman A, Clausen OPF, Bruun E et al. (1994) The value of quantitative DNA flow cytometry of testicular fine-needle aspirates in assessment of spermatogenesis: a study of 137 previously maldescended human testes. Int J Androl 17:35–42

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gordon DL, Barr AB, Herrigel JE et al. (1965) Testicular biopsy in man. I. Effect upon sperm concentration. Fertil Steril 16:522–530

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Guazzieri S, Lembo A, Ferro G et al. (1985) Sperm antibodies and infertility in patients with testicular cancer. Urology 26:139–142

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hjort T, Husted S, Linnet-Jepsen P (1974) The effect of testis biopsy on autosensitization against spermatozoal antigens. Clin Exp Immunol 18:201–212

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Johnsen SG (1970) Testicular biopsy score count—a method for registration of spermatogenesis in human testes. Normal values and results in 335 hypogonadal males. Hormones 1:2–25

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Meinertz H, Linnet L, Fogh-Andersen P et al. (1990) Anti-sperm antibodies and fertility after vasovasostomy: a follow-up study of 216 men. Fertil Steril 54:315–321

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Pakyz RE, Heindel RM, Kallish M et al. (1990) Spermatic cord torsion: effects of cyclosporine and prednisolone on fertility and the contralateral testis in the rat. J Androl 11:401–408

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rost A, Ehrenberg W, Fiedler U (1981)Determination of auto-antibodies against spermatozoa in experimental cryptorchism. Urol Int 36:59–66

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Rowley MJ, O'Keefe KB. Heller CG (1969) Decreases in sperm concentration due to testicular biopsy procedure in man. J Urol 101:347–349

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Mizunoe Y et al. (1995) Testicular injury induces cell-mediated autoimmune response to testis. J Urol 153:1316–1320

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Kumazawa J (1998) Cell-mediated autoimmune response to testis induced by bilateral testicular injury can be suppressed by cyclosporin A. J Urol 159:1735–1740

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Sharma RB, Srinivas M, Mitra DK, Das SN (1999) T-lymphocyte subsets in the contralateral testis after unilateral blunt testicular trauma in pre-pubertal mice. Pediatr Surg Int 15:238–239

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Shaul DB, Xie HW, Diaz JF et al. (1997) Surgical treatment of testicular trauma: effects on fertility and testicular histology. J Pediatr Surg 32:84–87

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Slavis SA, Scholz JN, Hewitt CW et al. (1990) The effects of testicular trauma on fertility in the Lewis rat and comparisons to isoimmunized recipients of syngeneic sperm. J Urol 143:638–641

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Srinivas M, Agarwala S, Datta Guta S et al. (1998) Fertility and unilateral undescended testis in the rat model II. Pediatr Surg Int 13:392–395

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Srinivas M, Hashim S, Mitra DK (1999) Unilateral blunt testicular trauma in pre-pubertal rats. Pediatr Surg Int 15:457–460

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Srinivas M, Gupta DK, Degaonkar M, Raghunathan P, Das SN, Mitra DK (2001) Evaluation of developing rat testis by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and DNA flow cytometry. Pediatr Surg Int 17:316–320

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Tompkins AB, Hutchinson P, Krester DM de et al. (1998) Characterization of lymphocytes in the adult rat testis by flow cytometry: effects of activin and transforming growth factor beta on lymphocyte subsets in vitro. Biol Reprod 58:943–951

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Van der Grond J, Seijkens D, Mali WPThM (1990) In vitro 31P NMR spectroscopy of the reproductive organs of the male rat: an improved preparation method. Magn Reson Med 15:462–468

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Van der Grond J, Laven JSE, Van Echteld CJA et al. (1992) The progression of spermatogenesis in the developing rat testis followed by 31P MR spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 23:264–274

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Wagner H (1983) Cyclosporin A: mechanism of action. Transplant Proc 15:523–526

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wallace DMA, Gunter PA, Landon GV et al. (1982) Sympathetic orchiopathia—An experimental and clinical study. Br J Urol 54:765–768

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. White DJG, Plumb AM, Pawelle G et al. (1979) Cyclosoprin A: an immunosuppresive agent preferentially active against proliferating cells. Transplantation 27:55–58

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    M. Srinivas & D. K. Gupta

  2. Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Mahaveer Degaonkar & N. R. Jagannathan

  3. Department of Reproductive Biomedicine, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, New Mehrauli Road Munirka, 110067, New Delhi, India

    M. M. Misro & S. P. Chaki

Authors
  1. M. Srinivas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mahaveer Degaonkar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. N. R. Jagannathan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. M. Misro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. S. P. Chaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. D. K. Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. M. Misro.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Srinivas, M., Degaonkar, M., Jagannathan, N.R. et al. Protective role of cyclosporine in experimental unilateral blunt testicular trauma: evaluation by 31P MR spectroscopy. Ped Surgery Int 19, 467–470 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-003-0960-2

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-003-0960-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation