Fig. 11

a is same as Fig. 8a, but for the linear trend in omega and its components (unit: 10^–2 Pa s⁻¹ decade⁻¹). b–c are same as Fig. 9a and b, respectively, but for the linear trends in b vorticity advection \(-\bar{\mathrm{u} }(\partial {\zeta}^{^{\prime}}/{\partial \mathrm{x}})\) (black line; unit: 10^–12 s⁻² decade⁻¹) and zonal vorticity gradient \(\partial {\zeta}^{^{\prime}} /{\partial \mathrm{x}}\) (blue line; unit: 10^–13 m⁻¹ s⁻¹ decade⁻¹) and c temperature advection \(-{\mathrm{v}}^{^{\prime}}(\partial \bar{\mathrm{T} }/{\partial \mathrm{y}})\)(black line; unit: 10^–7 s⁻² decade⁻¹) and meridional wind \({\mathrm{v}}^{^{\prime}}\) (blue line; unit: 10^–2 m s⁻¹ decade⁻¹)