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A modified gas-phase scheme for advanced regional climate modelling with RegCM4

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Abstract

Climate models in the past decades have been developed to such an extent to include atmospheric chemistry as part of their climate simulations. This is necessary for providing policy-makers and other stakeholders with reliable atmospheric projections as well as information about changes in chemical species as a consequence of climate change. The regional climate model (RCM), RegCM4 is a community model which contains only one gas-phase mechanism module (CBM-Z) that includes the formation, deposition, and transport of a number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this paper, the CB6-C, a new gas-phase mechanism module, is combined with RegCM4 to produce a larger suite of VOCs and chemical mechanisms for important anthropogenic and biogenic species, most notably benzene, terpenes, acetylene and their corresponding oxidation products. In order to evaluate this new module, climatologies of the CB6-C and CBM-Z simulations are compared to gridded and station data. The results reveal the two schemes to be similar with some improvement of surface carbon monoxide and tropospheric ozone in the CB6-C. However, organic products were found to be under-predicted for both schemes, suggesting the need of more development in the implementation of atmospheric chemistry in RegCM4. Despite its limitations, the input conditions (emissions and boundary conditions) are easy to modify, making the new gas-phase scheme an important advancement in the modelling of atmospheric chemistry within a RCM, as it provides a pathway for new research that may eventually help health studies.

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Acknowledgements

This project was carried out using computational facilities procured through the European Regional Development Fund, Project ERDF-080 ‘A supercomputing laboratory for the University of Malta’ (http://www.um.edu.mt/research/scienceeng/erdf_080), as well as the supercomputer cluster ‘Argo’, at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (http://argo.ictp.it/). Funding for this project was provided to James Ciarlo` in-part by the Malta Government Scholarship Scheme (Grant No.: MEDE541/2013/39). Susanna Strada has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No.: 791413 (project IDIOM2). The authors would like to thank Graziano Giuliani and Andrea Pozzer for the support and useful discussions in relation to the chemistry models, reference data, and the RegCM code.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geosciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta

    J. M. Ciarlo`

  2. Earth System Physics Section, Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy

    J. M. Ciarlo` & S. Strada

  3. National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics (OGS), Trieste, Italy

    J. M. Ciarlo`

  4. Department of Chemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta

    N. J. Aquilina

  5. Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, UNB, Fredericton, NB, Canada

    A. Shalaby

  6. LA, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, OMP, Tolouse, France

    F. Solmon

Authors
  1. J. M. Ciarlo`
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  2. N. J. Aquilina
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  3. S. Strada
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  4. A. Shalaby
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  5. F. Solmon
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. M. Ciarlo`.

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Ciarlo`, J.M., Aquilina, N.J., Strada, S. et al. A modified gas-phase scheme for advanced regional climate modelling with RegCM4. Clim Dyn 57, 489–502 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05722-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05722-y

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