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The transient response to an equatorial heat source and its convergence to steady state: implications for MJO theory

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Abstract

The Matsuno–Gill model for the atmospheric steady-state response to an imposed equatorial heat source is perhaps the most successful set of reduced equations in the theory of tropical dynamics. While it was originally designed to explain some key features of the tropical climatology such as the Walker and Hadley circulations, it is increasingly used for other transient tropical disturbances such as the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). Here, we provide a semi-analytic solution to the time dependent Matsuno–Gill equations, with periodic boundary conditions and without the long-wave approximation, based on a meridional expansion using the parabolic cylinder functions combined with the method of characteristics and Fourier series in the zonal direction. Our method of solution leads to an ODE system which is solved numerically. We use this transient solution to investigate the conditions under which the transient response convergences to the steady state and study the effect of a moving heat source on the structure of the response and speculate about its resemblance or not to the MJO structure. In particular, we look at the sensitivity of the long time behavior of the solution with respect to the model parameters, namely, the imposed dissipation rate and the speed of the moving heat source as well as the form of the heating itself.

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Acknowledgements

The research of B.K is supported in part by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery grant. Parts of this work was realized when A.K. visited the university of Victoria on a government of Algeria research travel grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Laboratory AMNEDP University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumedienne, Po Box 32, El-Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16079, Algiers, Algeria

    Abderrahim Kacimi

  2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, Po Box 3060, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada

    Boualem Khouider

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  1. Abderrahim Kacimi
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  2. Boualem Khouider
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Correspondence to Boualem Khouider.

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Kacimi, A., Khouider, B. The transient response to an equatorial heat source and its convergence to steady state: implications for MJO theory. Clim Dyn 50, 3315–3330 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3807-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3807-6

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