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The surface radiation budget over South America in a set of regional climate models from the CLARIS-LPB project

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Abstract

The performance of seven regional climate models in simulating the radiation and heat fluxes at the surface over South America (SA) is evaluated. Sources of uncertainty and errors are identified. All simulations have been performed in the context of the CLARIS-LPB Project for the period 1990–2008 and are compared with the GEWEX-SRB, CRU, and GLDAS2 dataset and NCEP-NOAA reanalysis. Results showed that most of the models overestimate the net surface short-wave radiation over tropical SA and La Plata Basin and underestimate it over oceanic regions. Errors in the short-wave radiation are mainly associated with uncertainties in the representation of surface albedo and cloud fraction. For the net surface long-wave radiation, model biases are diverse. However, the ensemble mean showed a good agreement with the GEWEX-SRB dataset due to the compensation of individual model biases. Errors in the net surface long-wave radiation can be explained, in a large proportion, by errors in cloud fraction. For some particular models, errors in temperature also contribute to errors in the net long-wave radiation. Analysis of the annual cycle of each component of the energy budget indicates that the RCMs reproduce generally well the main characteristics of the short- and long-wave radiations in terms of timing and amplitude. However, a large spread among models over tropical SA is apparent. The annual cycle of the sensible heat flux showed a strong overestimation in comparison with the reanalysis and GLDAS2 dataset. For the latent heat flux, strong differences between the reanalysis and GLDAS2 are calculated particularly over tropical SA.

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Acknowledgments

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement N° 212492 (CLARIS LPB-A Europe-South America Network for Climate Change Assessment and Impact Studies in La Plata Basin). The GEWEX/SRB data were obtained from NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Sciences Data Center NASA/GEWEX SRB Project. This paper also is a contribution of the Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) for Climate Change funded by CNPq Grant Number 573797/2008-0/FAPESP Grant Number 57719-9 and the RedeClima. This work has also been supported by UBACyT Grant Y028 and CONICET GrantsPIP 112-200801-00195 and PIP 112-201101-00189.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT/CONICET), Blvrd. Brown 282.5, U9120ACF, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina

    Natalia L. Pessacg

  2. Centro de Investigaciones Del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA/CONICET-UBA), DCAO/FCEN, UMI IFAECI/CNRS, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón II Piso 2, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Silvina A. Solman

  3. Rossby Centre, SMHI, 601 76, Norrköping, Sweden

    Patrick Samuelsson

  4. Facultad Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquimica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain

    Enrique Sanchez

  5. Centro de Ciencia do Sistema Terrestre-Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (CCST INPE), Rodovia Dutra km, 40, Cachoeira Paulista, São Paulo, 12630-000, Brazil

    José Marengo & Caroline Mourão

  6. Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, IPSL, CNRS/UPMC, Paris, France

    Laurent Li

  7. Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, 20146, Hamburg, Germany

    Armelle Reca C. Remedio

  8. Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universida de de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Rosmeri P. da Rocha

  9. Climate Service Center, 20095, Hamburg, Germany

    Daniela Jacob

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  1. Natalia L. Pessacg
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Correspondence to Natalia L. Pessacg.

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Pessacg, N.L., Solman, S.A., Samuelsson, P. et al. The surface radiation budget over South America in a set of regional climate models from the CLARIS-LPB project. Clim Dyn 43, 1221–1239 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-1916-4

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