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Numerical simulation of seasonal distribution of precipitation over the eastern Mediterranean with a RCM

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Abstract

Regional climate model (RCM) RegCM3 with 50 km horizontal resolution driven from the lateral boundaries by the data from NCEP/NCAR re-analysis is used in a series of ten climate downscaling experiments over the eastern Mediterranean (EM) region. Results of the experiments are characterized by seasonal precipitation patterns with notable offshore precipitation zones positioned ~50 km westward of a less intense precipitation zone over the coastal area. Atmospheric processes determining the distribution of seasonal precipitation patterns in the EM are analyzed based on results of the RCM experiments performed. Level of success of the model representation of the actual precipitation over the ECM appears to be depending on that of precipitation balance over different parts of the domain. Excessive moisture convergence over a sub-area usually takes place at the expense of moisture divergence from neighboring areas. Synoptic mechanism causing formation of the precipitation zone in the offshore zone appears to be associated with the role of meridionally oriented atmospheric trough systems extending from Scandinavia or Siberia to the EM during the period with rainy events. In such situations, air flows with strong northern components lead to intense transport of cold air masses to the EM. Meeting of the cold air masses the warm and humid air over the sea surface in the offshore zone causes formation of persistent squall lines and heavy rains there. Such processes may continue quite long as long as the troughs are stationary.

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Acknowledgments

The helpful comments by two anonymous reviewers are acknowledged with gratitude. The research was supported by the German-Israeli research grant (GLOWA-Jordan River) from the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology, the German Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), the Water Authority of Israel (Project No. 0603414981), and by integrated project granted by the European Commission’s Sixth Framework Programme, Priority 1.1.6.3 Global Change and Ecosystems (CIRCE), Contract no.:036961. The authors are grateful to the Physics of Weather and Climate (PWC) Section of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, for providing expertise on using RegCM3. We would also like to thank Dr. Peter Mayes, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, USA, for his contribution in editing the manuscript, as well as Anat Baharad and Netta Tzur for their help in processing of the simulation results. The authors also acknowledge fruitful discussions and helpful comments by Dr. Yoseph Barkan.

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  1. Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Simon O. Krichak, Pinhas Alpert & Pavel Kunin

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  1. Simon O. Krichak
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  2. Pinhas Alpert
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  3. Pavel Kunin
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Correspondence to Simon O. Krichak.

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Krichak, S.O., Alpert, P. & Kunin, P. Numerical simulation of seasonal distribution of precipitation over the eastern Mediterranean with a RCM. Clim Dyn 34, 47–59 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0649-x

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