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Catatonia associated with pediatric postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome

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Abstract

Objective

To ascertain the presence of catatonia in cases of pediatric postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome (PPCMS).

Method

A systematic review of PPCMS case reports of patients aged 0–17 years with sufficient clinical information to extract catatonic phenomena was undertaken following PRISMA guidelines. Standardized catatonia rating scales were applied to selected cases retrospectively to ascertain whether diagnostic criteria for catatonia were met. A case known to the authors is also presented.

Results

Two hundred twenty-one suitable full-text articles were identified. Following screening and application of inclusion criteria, 51 articles were selected plus seven more from their references, reporting on 119 subjects. All cases met Bush and Francis (BF) diagnostic criteria for catatonia, 92.5% Pediatric Catatonia Rating Scale (PCRS), 52.9% ICD-11, and 44.5% DSM-5. All patients presented with mutism. The next most frequent signs were immobility/stupor (77.3%), withdrawal (35.3%), mannerisms (23.5%), and excitement/agitation (18.5%). Most cases presented with stuporous catatonia (75.6%). Catatonia most frequently occurred following resection of medulloblastoma (64.7%). Preoperative hydrocephalus occurred in 89 patients (74.8%).

Conclusion

Catatonia was frequent in this PPCMS sample, with a predominant stuporous variant; it should be considered in patients with PPCMS and assessed with reliable and validated instruments for prompt diagnosis and management.

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Data availability

No datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the patient and her family for allowing the use of their clinical information.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatry Service, Donostia University Hospital, Basque Health Service-Osakidetza, Paseo del Dr. Beguiristain 117, CP, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain

    Walter Jaimes-Albornoz, Lydia García de Mendaza-Martínez de Icaya, María Martínez-Querol & Ángel Ruiz de Pellón Santamaria

  2. Royal Hospital for Children & Young People, 50 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, EH16 4TJ

    Peter Wu & Rowena Smith

  3. Queen Margaret Hospital, Whitefield Rd, Dunfermline, Scotland, UK, KY12 0SU

    Farah Rozali

  4. Swellendam, South Africa

    Marco Isetta

  5. ISEP Clinic Girona, Sta. Eugènia 85, 1er-1a, 17006, Girona, Catalunya, Spain

    Jordi Serra-Mestres

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  1. Walter Jaimes-Albornoz
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Contributions

Conceptualization: W.J.-A. and J.S.-M. Methodology: W.J.-A., J.S.-M., and M.I. Validation: W.J.-A., J.S.-M., P.W., L.G.M.-M.I., F.R., M.M.-Q., R.S., M.I., and A.R.P.S. Search strategy and database search: M.I. Formal analysis: W.J.-A., J.S.-M., P.W., L.G.M.-M.I., F.R., M.M.-Q., R.S., M.I., and A.R.P.S. Data curation: W.J.-A., J.S.-M., P.W., L.G.M.-M.I., F.R., M.M.-Q., R.S., M.I., and A.R.P.S. Writing–original draft preparation: W.J.-A., J.S.-M., P.W., L.G.M.-M.I., F.R., M.M.-Q., R.S., M.I., and A.R.P.S. Writing, review, and editing: W.J.-A., J.S.-M., P.W., L.G.M.-M.I., F.R., M.M.-Q., R.S., M.I., and A.R.P.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Peter Wu.

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Jaimes-Albornoz, W., Wu, P., de Mendaza-Martínez de Icaya, L.G. et al. Catatonia associated with pediatric postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-024-06392-x

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