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Surgical treatment of interhemispheric arachnoid cysts

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Abstract

Objective

In children, interhemispheric arachnoid cysts (IHACs) are rare lesions often associated with corpus callosum dysgenesis. It is still controversial about surgical treatments for IHACs. We aim to report our experience with pediatric IHAC patients and evaluate surgical courses and neurological developments.

Methods

Pediatric IHACs treated between 2001 and 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. IHAC was observed until they represented rapid cyst enlargement or neurological symptoms. Cyst fenestration was done by microscope or endoscope, depending on the IHAC’s location. Cyst size and corpus callosum dysgenesis were evaluated with neuroimaging. Neurological development was assessed from medical records at the last follow-up.

Results

Fifteen children received cyst fenestration surgery (mean age 11.4 months). Eleven patients (73.3%) under observation showed rapid cyst enlargement in a short period (median 5 months). Cysto-ventriculostomy (CVS) and cysto-cisternostomy (CCS) regressed the cyst size significantly (p = 0.003). The median follow-up duration was 51 months (range 14–178 months). Corpus callosum dysgenesis was observed in eleven patients (73.3%, complete = 5, partial = 6). Among eight patients (53.3%) having developmental delay, five patients (33.3%) showed speech delay, including one patient with intractable seizures.

Conclusion

Pediatric IHACs frequently present within 1 year after birth, with rapid cyst enlargement. CVS and CCS were effective in regressing the cyst size. Corpus callosum dysgenesis accompanied by IHAC might have a risk of language achievement; however, development delay could rely on multifactorial features, such as epilepsy or other brain anomalies.

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Data availability

The dataset supporting the conclusions of this study is available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea, 2023R1A2C100641911.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Tae-Kyun Kim, Joo Whan Kim, Seung-Ki Kim, Ji Yeoun Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim & Ji Hoon Phi

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan

    Tae-Kyun Kim

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  1. Tae-Kyun Kim
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Contributions

Kim TK wrote the manuscript text. Kim TK and Kim JW collected the data and prepared tables and figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Phi JH produced the work.

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Correspondence to Ji Hoon Phi.

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Kim, TK., Kim, J.W., Kim, SK. et al. Surgical treatment of interhemispheric arachnoid cysts. Childs Nerv Syst 40, 1169–1176 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-023-06243-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-023-06243-1

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