References
Hashim PW, Patel A, Yang JF, Travieso R, Terner J, Losee JE, Pollack I, Jane J Sr, Jane J Jr, Kanev P, Mayes L, Duncan C, Bridgett DJ, Persing JA (2014) The effects of whole-vault cranioplasty versus strip craniectomy on long-term neuropsychological outcomes in sagittal craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 134:491–501
Starr JR, Collett BR, Gaither R, Kapp-Simon KA, Cradock MM, Cunningham ML, Speltz ML (2012) Multicenter study of neurodevelopment in 3-year-old children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 166:536–542
Da Costa AC, Anderson VA, Holmes AD, Lo P, Wray AC, Chong DK, Greensmith AL, Meara JG (2013) Longitudinal study of the neurodevelopmental characteristics of treated and untreated nonsyndromic craniosynostosis in infancy. Childs Nerv Syst 29:985–995
Starr JR, Kapp-Simon KA, Cloonan YK, Collett BR, Cradock MM, Buono L, Cunningham ML, Speltz ML (2007) Presurgical and postsurgical assessment of the neurodevelopment of infants with single-suture craniosynostosis: comparison with controls. J Neurosurg 107:103–110
Tandon D, Skolnick GB, Naidoo SD, Grames LM, Cradock MM, Smyth MD, Patel KB (2021) Morphologic severity of craniosynostosis: implications for speech and neurodevelopment. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 58:1361–1369
Ruiz-Correa S, Starr JR, Lin HJ, Kapp-Simon KA, Sze RW, Ellenbogen RG, Speltz ML, Cunningham ML (2008) New severity indices for quantifying single-suture metopic craniosynostosis. Neurosurgery 63: 318–324; discussion 324–315
Starr JR, Lin HJ, Ruiz-Correa S, Cunningham ML, Ellenbogen RG, Collett BR, Kapp-Simon KA, Speltz ML (2010) Little evidence of association between severity of trigonocephaly and cognitive development in infants with single-suture metopic synostosis. Neurosurgery 67: 408–415; discussion 415–406
Wood BC, Mendoza CS, Oh AK, Myers E, Safdar N, Linguraru MG, Rogers GF (2016) What’s in a name? Accurately diagnosing metopic craniosynostosis using a computational approach. Plast Reconstr Surg 137:205–213
Wang JY, Dorafshar AH, Liu A, Groves ML, Ahn ES (2016) The metopic index: an anthropometric index for the quantitative assessment of trigonocephaly from metopic synostosis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 18:275–280
Gabrick KS, Wu RT, Singh A, Persing JA, Alperovich M (2020) Radiographic severity of metopic craniosynostosis correlates with long-term neurocognitive outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg 145:1241–1248
Wall SA, Thomas GP, Johnson D, Byren JC, Jayamohan J, Magdum SA, McAuley DJ, Richards PG (2014) The preoperative incidence of raised intracranial pressure in nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis is underestimated in the literature. J Neurosurg Pediatr 14:674–681
Knight SJ, Anderson VA, Spencer-Smith MM, Da Costa AC (2014) Neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants and children with single-suture craniosynostosis: a systematic review. Dev Neuropsychol 39:159–186
Lattanzi W, Barba M, Di Pietro L, Boyadjiev SA (2017) Genetic advances in craniosynostosis. Am J Med Genet A 173:1406–1429
Wu RT, Timberlake AT, Abraham PF, Gabrick KS, Lu X, Peck CJ, Sawh-Martinez RF, Steinbacher DM, Alperovich MA, Persing JA (2020) SMAD6 genotype predicts neurodevelopment in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 145:117e–125e
Wenger TL, Hopper RA, Rosen A, Tully HM, Cunningham ML, Lee A (2019) A genotype-specific surgical approach for patients with Pfeiffer syndrome due to W290C pathogenic variant in FGFR2 is associated with improved developmental outcomes and reduced mortality. Genet Med 21:471–476
Boyd S ( 2020) Long-read whole genome sequencing of non-syndromic craniosynostosis. In: Kids First Long Read Pilot Projects. Available via https://commonfund.nih.gov/kidsfirst/longreadprojects. Accessed 9 March 2022
Bhalodia R, Dvoracek LA, Ayyash AM, Kavan L, Whitaker R, Goldstein JA (2020) Quantifying the severity of metopic craniosynostosis: a pilot study application of machine learning in craniofacial surgery. J Craniofac Surg 31:697–701
Swanson JW, Xu W, Ying GS, Pan W, Lang SS, Heuer GG, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA (2020) Intracranial pressure patterns in children with craniosynostosis utilizing optical coherence tomography. Childs Nerv Syst 36:535–544
Bonfield CM, Foley LM, Kundu S, Fellows-Mayle W, Hitchens TK, Rohde GK, Grandhi R, Mooney MP (2015) The influence of surgical correction on white matter microstructural integrity in rabbits with familial coronal suture craniosynostosis. Neurosurg Focus 38:E3
Rijken BF, Leemans A, Lucas Y, van Montfort K, Mathijssen IM, Lequin MH (2015) Diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography in children with craniosynostosis syndromes. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 36:1558–1564
Black JS, Jane JA Jr, Syed HR (2019) Commentary on “What is the functional difference between sagittal with metopic and isolated sagittal craniosynostosis?” J Craniofac Surg 30:974
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest, outcomes and more personalized care for patients.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Golinko, M., Bonfield, C. Clinical staging of craniosynostosis: a call for investigation and collaboration. Childs Nerv Syst 38, 857–859 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-022-05476-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-022-05476-w