True 3D reconstruction for planning of surgery on malformed skulls

Abstract

Objectives. Since the difficulty associated with surgical planning of craniosynostosis is mostly due to the inadequate possibilities for simulation of surgery, a new technique for constructing a precise reproduction of a patient's malformed skull has been developed.

Materials and methods. CT scans of ten malformed skulls on a scale of 1:1 and with 1-mm slices have been used to reconstruct the skulls in a special resin using a special lathe used in the automobile construction industry for formula one engines. This lathe works in the opposite way to other lathes: by apposition of material instead of subtraction.

Results. The anatomical detail of the phantom is of a very high degree. The surgical planning it allows has proved highly consistent with reality in all cases in which it has been used in the planning before the operation.

Discussion and conclusions. This technique has made it possible to plan the surgical treatment of all patients with craniosynostosis in a highly satisfactory way. It has reduced operating times, in addition to which it provides information on materials needed, avoiding waste, and is also an excellent teaching method for residents.