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Cancer history and physical function in patients with cardiovascular disease

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Abstract

Both cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) cause skeletal muscle mass loss, thereby increasing the likelihood of a poor prognosis. We investigated the association between cancer history and physical function and their combined association with prognosis in patients with CVD. We retrospectively reviewed 3,796 patients with CVD (median age: 70 years; interquartile range [IQR]: 61–77 years) who had undergone physical function tests (gait speed and 6-minute walk distance [6MWD]) at discharge. We performed multiple linear regression analyses to assess potential associations between cancer history and physical function. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate prognostic associations in four groups of patients categorized by the absence or presence of cancer history and of high or low physical function. Multiple regression analyses showed that cancer history was significantly and independently associated with a lower gait speed and 6MWD performance. A total of 610 deaths occurred during the follow-up period (median: 3.1 years; IQR: 1.4–5.4 years). The coexistence of low physical function and cancer history in patients with CVD was associated with a significantly higher mortality risk, even after adjusting for covariates (cancer history/low gait speed, hazard ratio [HR]: 1.93, P < 0.001; and cancer history/low 6MWD, HR: 1.61, P = 0.002). Cancer history is associated with low physical function in patients with CVD, and the combination of both factors is associated with a poor prognosis.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the patients and the study team for their participation in this study.

Funding

This study was supported by grant from the JSPS KAKENHI [Grant number of 21H03309 and 20J10290].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

    Takashi Miki, Kentaro Kamiya, Masashi Yamashita, Shota Uchida, Takumi Noda, Kensuke Ueno, Kazuki Hotta, Minako Yamaoka-Tojo & Atsuhiko Matsunaga

  2. Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

    Kentaro Kamiya, Kazuki Hotta, Minako Yamaoka-Tojo & Atsuhiko Matsunaga

  3. Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

    Nobuaki Hamazaki, Kohei Nozaki & Takafumi Ichikawa

  4. Division of Research, ARCE Inc., Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

    Masashi Yamashita

  5. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

    Emi Maekawa & Junya Ako

  6. Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

    Jiichiro Sasaki

  7. Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan

    Shota Uchida

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  1. Takashi Miki
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  2. Kentaro Kamiya
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Correspondence to Kentaro Kamiya.

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Mr. Kamiya received funding outside of the submitted work from Eiken Chemical CO. Ltd. And SoftBank Corporation. All other authors have nothing to disclose.

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380_2024_2379_MOESM1_ESM.jpg

Supplementary file1Supplementary Fig. 1: Percentage by site of cancer. The figure shows the percentage of respondents with a history of cancer by site (n = 428). If the patient had more than one site, they were counted in both sites. The colon showed the highest percentage, followed by the prostate and then the stomach (JPG 483 KB)

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Miki, T., Kamiya, K., Hamazaki, N. et al. Cancer history and physical function in patients with cardiovascular disease. Heart Vessels (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-024-02379-5

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