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Incidence and characteristic of deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized chronic heart failure patients

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Abstract

Background

This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), outcomes and its characteristics in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in a retrospective setting.

Outcomes

Patients died of cardiac shock or acute exacerbation of heart failure (HF), admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) due to acute exacerbation of HF, patients decided to withdraw treatment and return home due to acute exacerbation of HF.

Methods

From January 2015 to June 2022, we admitted 359 patients diagnosed with CHF, and lower limb ultrasonography was performed for the examination of DVT after admission. The incidence of DVT was recorded and patients with known risk factors of VTE were identified and excluded after incidence of DVT was calculated. Patients’ clinical data were then collected.

Results

The occurrence of DVT was 10.0% (36/359), as calf intramuscular vein thrombosis was the main constitution (n  =  28, 75%). DVT patients with other factors (carcinoma, surgery, stroke, previous history of DVT) constituted a considerable part (33.3%, 12/36). Age, history of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), levels of DDi (D-Dimer), levels of alanine transferase (ALT) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd) were independent predictors or risk factors of DVT in CHF patients, while chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 1–4, white blood cell (WBC) and direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) were protective factors. Incidence of DVT was correlated with a poor outcome of CHF patients (Pearson Chi-Square test, Value 19.612, P  <  0.001).

Conclusions

In this retrospective study, incidence of DVT was found to be relatively high among hospitalized CHF patients, while patients with DVT was associated with a poor prognosis.

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Acknowledgements

We thank our co-mentor Hong who have always inspired us to pursue knowledge of cardiology.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Author notes

  1. Jia-Lin Yuan, Wen Kang Xiao, Chao Qiong Zhang, Le Sun and Ying Kang Lin have take responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.

  2. Chuang-Xiong Hong has takes responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Jia-Lin Yuan, Wen Kang Xiao, Chao Qiong Zhang & Ying Kang Lin

  2. The Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Jichang Road 16#, District Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China

    Chuang-Xiong Hong

  3. The Department of Rheumatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen, China

    Le Sun

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Correspondence to Chuang-Xiong Hong.

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Yuan, JL., Xiao, W.K., Zhang, C.Q. et al. Incidence and characteristic of deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized chronic heart failure patients. Heart Vessels (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-024-02377-7

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