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Serum periostin as a predictor of early recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation

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Abstract

Catheter ablation is an effective method of rhythm therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF). AF recurrence is a common problem after catheter ablation. The aim of this study was to investigate influence factors of early recurrence after catheter ablation for AF. One hundred and three consecutive patients with AF were enrolled and underwent catheter ablation. Venous blood (Marked as A) was collected before ablation and left atrial blood (Marked as B) was collected after successful atrial septal puncture to detect serum periostin. After 3 months of follow-up, statistical analysis was made based on the recurrence of AF. 27 (26.2%) patients had a recurrence of atrial arrhythmia after catheter ablation. Patients with recurrent atrial arrhythmia had a larger left atrial volume (162.31 ± 47.76 vs. 141.98 ± 41.64,p = 0.039), and higher serum periostin levels (periostin A. 99.71 ± 16.475 vs. 90.36 ± 13.63, p = 0.005; periostin B. 103.95 ± 13.09 vs. 94.46 ± 15.85, p = 0.006) compared with the non-recurrent group. The numbers of patients with left atrial low-voltage areas (LVAs) were more in the recurrence group (p < 0.001). Left atrial volume, serum periostin and left atrial LVAs were included in univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis. It showed that left atrial LVAs (HR3.81; 95% CI 1.54 to 9.44; p = 0.004) and serum periostin A (HR1.07; 95% CI 1.02 to1.13; p = 0.008) were the independent predictors of AF recurrence. The cut-off value of serum periostin A was 87.95 ng/ ml (AUC, 0.681; sensitivity 88.9% and specificity 53.9%). Kaplan–Meier survival curve showed that the recurrence rate of AF was higher in patients with left atrial LVAs and higher serum periostin. The venous serum periostin level and left atrial LVAs were independent predictors of early recurrence of AF after catheter ablation.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate all the co-workers of the study team from the Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University.

Funding

The research receives funding from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 81970381).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China

    Lijuan Fang, Hong Jin, Min Li, Shouquan Cheng & Naifeng Liu

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  1. Lijuan Fang
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  2. Hong Jin
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  3. Min Li
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Contributions

LF performed the sample collection and serum periostin detection, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. NL and HJ took charge of this project, designed the study and revised the manuscript. ML and SC helped conduct the follow-up and had advice for discussion.

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Correspondence to Naifeng Liu.

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The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

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This study was in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University. All patients signed informed consent.

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Fang, L., Jin, H., Li, M. et al. Serum periostin as a predictor of early recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. Heart Vessels 37, 2059–2066 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-022-02115-x

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