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Polyamine concentration is increased in thoracic ascending aorta of patients with bicuspid aortic valve

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Abstract

Polyamines are cationic molecules synthesized via a highly regulated pathway, obtained from the diet or produced by the gut microbiota. They are involved in general molecular and cellular phenomena that play a role also in vascular disease. Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a congenital malformation associated to a greater risk of thoracic ascending aorta (TAA) aneurysm, whose pathogenesis is not yet well understood. We focused on differential analysis of key members of polyamine pathway and on polyamine concentration in non-dilated TAA samples from patients with either stenotic tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) or BAV (diameter ≤ 45 mm), vs. normal aortas from organ donors, with the aim of revealing a potential involvement of polyamines in early aortopathy. Changes of gene expression in TAA samples were evaluated by RT-PCR. Changes of ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), a key enzyme in polyamine formation, and cationic amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A1/CAT-1) expression were analyzed also by Western blot. ODC1 subcellular localization was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Polyamine concentration in TAA samples was evaluated by HPLC. BAV TAA samples showed an increased concentration of putrescine and spermidine vs. TAV and donor samples, together with a decreased mRNA level of polyamine anabolic enzymes and of the putative polyamine transporter SLC7A1/CAT-1. The catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 showed a significant mRNA increase in TAV samples only, together with a decreased concentration of spermine. The decreased expression of SLC7A1/CAT-1 and ODC1 mRNAs in BAV corresponded to increased or unchanged expression of the respective proteins. ODC was located mainly in smooth muscle cell (SMC) nucleus in TAV and donor samples, while it was present also in SMC cytoplasm in BAV samples, suggesting its activation. In conclusion, BAV, but not TAV non-dilated samples show increased polyamine concentration, accompanied by the activation of a regulatory negative feedback mechanism.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. Angela Ferone for technical assistance and to Ms. Maria Rosaria Cipollaro for administrative assistance.

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  1. Mario Grossi

    Present address: Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Division Biocev, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Vestec, Czech Republic

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Università della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy

    Amalia Forte & Marilena Cipollaro

  2. Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, Università della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

    Ciro Bancone, Marisa De Feo & Alessandro Della Corte

  3. Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Mario Grossi, Per Hellstrand, Lo Persson & Bengt-Olof Nilsson

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  1. Amalia Forte
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Correspondence to Amalia Forte.

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The study has been partially supported by The Greta and Johan Kock Foundation (BON).

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Forte, A., Grossi, M., Bancone, C. et al. Polyamine concentration is increased in thoracic ascending aorta of patients with bicuspid aortic valve. Heart Vessels 33, 327–339 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-017-1087-z

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