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A porcine model of ischemic heart failure produced by intracoronary injection of ethyl alcohol

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Abstract

We have developed a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and ischemic heart failure by transcatheter intracoronary injection of ethyl alcohol and observed pathologic changes induced in the alcohol-injured coronary artery and infarcted myocardium. In a total of 12 female pigs, anteroseptal AMI was induced by transcatheter delivery of 1 mL of 99.9% ethyl alcohol using a 2.5 mm diameter over-the-wire balloon catheter in the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Another five pigs underwent the sham operation, and the differences in left ventricular (LV) dimension and LV ejection fraction between these pigs and those injected with ethyl alcohol were evaluated. Follow-up coronary and LV angiography, echocardiography and histopathology were performed at 4 weeks after the procedure. Myocardial SPECT using 201Tl (and 99mTc-MIBI) and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain were performed and compared. Procedure-related death occurred in two pigs with proximal LAD occlusion. Four pigs suffered from ventricular tachycardia, which converted to sinus rhythm by DC cardioversion. Follow-up coronary angiography at 4 weeks revealed persistent total occlusion in all pigs. Echocardiogram showed decreased apicoanteroseptal wall motion with an ejection fraction of 46.5 ± 3.3% and nonsignificantly changed LV dimensions. Myocardial SPECT revealed a perfusion defect in the apicoanterior wall in all subjects (percent area of the perfusion defect = 22.1 ± 2.50%). The percentage of myocardium not stained by TTC was 23.1 ± 2.25%. Histologic examination revealed severe fibrosis in the infarcted myocardium and massive thrombus with organization and calcification in the alcohol-injured coronary artery. The porcine model of AMI obtained by intracoronary alcohol injection provides a safe and reproducible method for the research and development of new therapeutic modalities for MI and end-stage heart failure.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Bio R&D program through the National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. 2010-0019913).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, 8 Hak-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea

    Myung Ho Jeong, Doo Sun Sim, Young Joon Hong & Young Keun Ahn

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

    Ho Cheon Song

  3. Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

    Jong Tae Park

  4. Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea

    Weon Kim

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  1. Weon Kim
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  2. Myung Ho Jeong
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Correspondence to Myung Ho Jeong.

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Kim, W., Jeong, M.H., Sim, D.S. et al. A porcine model of ischemic heart failure produced by intracoronary injection of ethyl alcohol. Heart Vessels 26, 342–348 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-010-0022-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-010-0022-3

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