Abstract
T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We aimed to search for any association between the peripheral T-cell activities and atherogenic risk factors in healthy subjects. Fifty male volunteers (age 22.0 ± 2.4 years) were enrolled. No subject had any chronic disease or was under any drug treatment. Lymphocytes were isolated from heparinized venous blood and the proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were measured from the amount of radioactive thymidine uptake by the lymphocyte DNA. T-cell activity responses of patients with a family history of coronary events were compared with others. The activity responses of smokers were compared with nonsmokers. Subjects with a positive family history of coronary events had higher PHA stimulated T-cell response and delta cpm (P < 0.05 for each). Total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of the subjects with a positive family history of cardiovascular events were positively correlated with the PHA-activated T-cell responses (P = 0.022, r = 0.604 and P = 0.015, r = 0.635, respectively). There was no significant difference between the T-cell activity responses of smokers and nonsmokers. No correlation was found between the biochemical parameters and T-cell activities in these groups. Peripheral T-cell activity responses to PHA are higher in the asymptomatic relatives of patients with coronary events. This may be a clue for the familial tendency of atherosclerotic diseases. Further follow-up studies are necessary to investigate the relationship.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R Ross (1999) ArticleTitleAtherosclerosis – an inflammatory disease N Engl J Med 340 115–126 Occurrence Handle9887164 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FptFSqtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJM199901143400207
CJ Schwartz AJ Valente EA Sprague (1993) ArticleTitleA modern view of atherogenesis. Am J Cardiol 71 9B–14B Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3s7mslWrtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/0002-9149(93)90139-4
P Libby GK Hansson (1991) ArticleTitleInvolvement of the immune system in human atherogenesis: current knowledge and unanswered questions Lab Invest 64 5–15 Occurrence Handle1990208 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3M7hs1ygsw%3D%3D
GG Neri Serneri D Prisco F Martini AM Gori T Brunelli L Poggesi C Rostagno GF Gensini R Abbate (1997) ArticleTitleAcute T cell activation is detectable in unstable angina Circulation 95 1806–1812 Occurrence Handle9107167 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2s3mtFaisQ%3D%3D
G Liuzzo JJ Goronzy H Yang SL Kopecky DR Holmes RL Frye CM Weyand (2000) ArticleTitleMonoclonal T cell proliferation and plaque instability in acute coronary syndromes Circulation 101 2883–2888 Occurrence Handle10869258 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXkvFWlsb4%3D
RW Wissler JP Strong InstitutionalAuthorNamePDAY Research Group (1998) ArticleTitleRisk factors and progression of atherosclerosis in youth Am J Pathol 153 1023–1033 Occurrence Handle9777934 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1cvkvFeltg%3D%3D
HC Stary AB Chandler S Glagov JR Guyton W Insull SuffixJr ME Rosenfeld SA Schaffer CJ Schwartz WD Wagner RW Wissler (1994) ArticleTitleA definition of initial, fatty streak and intermediate lesions of atherosclerosis: a report from the committee on vascular lesions of the Council on atherosclerosis, American Heart Association Circulation 89 2462–2478 Occurrence Handle8181179 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2c3js1yhsA%3D%3D
HM Dansky SA Charlton MM Harper JD Smith (1997) ArticleTitleT and B lymphocytes play a minor role in atherosclerotic plaque formation in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 4642–4646 Occurrence Handle9114044 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjtVyltLg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.94.9.4642
L Song C Leung C Schindler (2001) ArticleTitleLymphocytes are important in early atherosclerosis J Clin Invest 108 251–259 Occurrence Handle11457878 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlt1Kltr8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1172/JCI200111380
GS Berenson WA Wattigney RE Tracy WP Newman Suffix3rd SR Srinivasan LS Webber ER Dalferes SuffixJr JP Strong (1992) ArticleTitleAtherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries and cardiovascular risk factors in persons aged 6 to 30 years and studied at necropsy (the Bogalusa Heart Study) Am J Cardiol 70 851–858 Occurrence Handle1529936 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK38vhtFWrtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/0002-9149(92)90726-F
InstitutionalAuthorNamePDAY Research Group (1990) ArticleTitleRelationship of atherosclerosis in young men to serum lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and smoking: a preliminary report from the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) Research Group JAMA 264 3018–3024 Occurrence Handle10.1001/jama.264.23.3018
A Boyum (1968) ArticleTitleIsolation of leukocytes from human blood. Scand J Lab Invest 21 9–29 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaF1cXktV2htL0%3D Occurrence Handle10.3109/00365516809168026
EM Tuzcu SR Kapadia E Tutar KM Ziada RE Hobbs PM McCarthy JB Young SE Nissen (2001) ArticleTitleHigh prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic teenagers and young adults: evidence from intravascular ultrasound Circulation 103 2705–2710 Occurrence Handle11390341 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzhvFKqug%3D%3D
M Imakita C Yutani JP Strong I Sakurai A Sumiyoshi T Watanabe M Mitsumata Y Kusumi S Katayama M Mano S Baba T Mannami J Masuda K Sueishi K Tanaka (2001) ArticleTitleSecond nation-wide study of atherosclerosis in infants, children and young adults in Japan Atherosclerosis 155 487–497 Occurrence Handle11254921 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhvVams7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00595-5
T Ishizu T Ishimitsu H Yanagi Y Seo K Obara N Moriyama S Watanabe I Yamaguchi (2004) ArticleTitleEffect of age on carotid arterial intima-media thickness in childhood Heart Vessels 19 189–195 Occurrence Handle15278393 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00380-004-0766-8
S Stemme B Faber J Holm O Wiklund JL Witztum GK Hansson (1995) ArticleTitleT lymphocytes from human atherosclerotic plaques recognise oxidised low-density lipoprotein Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92 3893–3897 Occurrence Handle7732003 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlsVSksrg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.92.9.3893
JD Smith E Trogan M Ginsberg C Grigaux J Tian M Miyata (1995) ArticleTitleDecreased atherosclerosis in mice deficient in both macrophage colony-stimulating factor and apolipoprotein E Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92 8264–8268 Occurrence Handle7667279 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnvVymt7c%3D Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.92.18.8264
F Mach U Schonbeck GK Sukhova E Atkinson P Libby (1998) ArticleTitleReduction of atherosclerosis in mice by inhibition of CD40 signaling Nature 394 200–203 Occurrence Handle9671306 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXksFylsLc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/28204
X Zhou S Stemme GK Hansson (1996) ArticleTitleEvidence for a local immune response in atherosclerosis. CD4+ T cells infiltrate lesions of apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice Am J Pathol 149 359–366 Occurrence Handle8701976 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XltFOit7w%3D
X Zhou (2003) ArticleTitleCD4+ T cells in atherosclerosis Biomed Pharmacother 57 287–291 Occurrence Handle14499175 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnt1GntLc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0753-3322(03)00082-9
MF Muldoon A Marsland JD Flory BS Rabin TL Whiteside SB Manuck (1997) ArticleTitleImmune system differences in men with hypo- or hypercholesterolemia Clin Immunol Immunopathol 84 145–149 Occurrence Handle9245545 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXls1eqs7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1006/clin.1997.4382
K Miwa M Fujita S Sasayama (2005) ArticleTitleRecent insights into the mechanisms, predisposing factors, and racial differences of coronary vasospasm Heart Vessels 20 1–7 Occurrence Handle15700195 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00380-004-0794-4
A Margaret B Nordlie E Loren A Wold A Robert A Kloner (2005) ArticleTitleGenetic contributors toward increased risk for ischemic heart disease J Mol Cell Cardiol 39 667–679 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.yjmcc.2005.06.006 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVensr3I
P Moszczynski Z Zabinski P Moszczynski SuffixJr J Rutowski S Slowinski Z Tabarowski (2001) ArticleTitleImmunological findings in cigarette smokers Toxicol Lett 118 121–127 Occurrence Handle11137318 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXptVSlsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0378-4274(00)00270-8
LA Geiselhart T Christian F Minnear BM Freed (1997) ArticleTitleThe cigarette tar component p-benzoquinone blocks T-lymphocyte activation by inhibiting interleukin-2 production, but not CD25, ICAM-1, or LFA-1 expression Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 143 30–36 Occurrence Handle9073589 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhvVSjs70%3D Occurrence Handle10.1006/taap.1996.8071
AR Erbay H Turhan K Senen O Yetkin AS Yasar AT Sezgin R Atak S Cehreli E Yetkin (2004) ArticleTitleDocumentation of slow coronary flow by the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count in habitual smokers with angiographically normal coronary arteries Heart Vessels 19 271–274 Occurrence Handle15799173 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00380-004-0781-9
M Tokac A Ozeren M Aktan B Altunkeser K Ozdemir A Duzenli H Gok (2003) ArticleTitleThe role of inflammation markers in triggering acute coronary events Heart Vessels 18 171–176 Occurrence Handle14520483 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00380-003-0708-x
H Sakakibara C Fujii M Naito (2004) ArticleTitlePlasma fibrinogen and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy Japanese subjects Heart Vessels 19 144–148 Occurrence Handle15168063 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00380-003-0753-5
TR Malek (2003) ArticleTitleThe main function of IL-2 is to promote the development of T regulatory cells J Leukoc Biol 74 961–965 Occurrence Handle12960253 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvFejsbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1189/jlb.0603272
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sonmez, A., Kisa, U., Uckaya, G. et al. Asymptomatic kindred of patients with coronary events have increased peripheral T-cell activities. Heart Vessels 21, 242–246 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-005-0893-x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-005-0893-x