Abstract
The solar-powered marine unmanned surface vehicle (USV) developed by the USV team of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics is a rugged, long-duration, and autonomous navigation vessel designed for the collection of long-range, continuous, real-time, meteorological and oceanographic measurements, especially under extreme sea conditions (sea state 6–7). These solar-powered USVs completed a long-term continuous navigation observation test over 26 days. During this time, they coordinated double-USV observations and actively navigated into the path of Typhoon Sinlaku (2020) before collecting data very close to its center during the 2020 USV South China Sea Typhoon Observation Experiment. Detailed high temporal resolution (1 min) real-time observations collected by the USV on the typhoon were used for operational typhoon forecasting and warning for the first time. As a mobile meteorological and oceanographic observation station capable of reliable, automated deployment, data collection, and transmission, such solar-powered USVs can replace traditional observation platforms to provide valuable real-time data for research, forecasting, and early warnings for potential marine meteorological disasters.
摘 要
中科院大气所无人船研发团队研制的太阳能无人艇是一款长航时的自动驾驶气象观测船, 能够获得长时间连续的实时大气和海洋观测数据; 在恶劣的海洋环境下(6~7级海况)也能完成无人探测. 在2020年无人艇南海观测期间, 太阳能无人艇完成了连续的长航时航行测试(26天)和双艇协同观测试, 并主动航行至2020年第三号台风“森拉克”路径上, 获得了非常接近台风中心的实时观测数据. 无人艇获取的高时间分辨率(1分钟)实时观测数据第一次应用于台风预报预警的业务工作. 作为移动的大气海洋观测站, 无人艇可以自动部署、 自动观测和自动传输, 未来可以替代传统的观测平台获取非常有价值的海上实时观测数据, 应用于海洋灾害性天气的研究、 预报和早期预警等工作中.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41627808), the Research Equipment Development Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Petrel Meteorological Observation Experiment Project of the China Meteorological Administration and the “Adaptive Improvement of New Observation Platform for Typhoon Observation (2018YFC1506401)” of the Ministry of Science and Technology. We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Beijing Chunyi Aviation Technology Co., Ltd., Hainan Meteorological Service, Hu WANG and Chunhua WANG of Qionghai Meteorological Service, and all personnel who participated in this experiment.
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Chen, H., Li, J., He, W. et al. IAP’s Solar-Powered Unmanned Surface Vehicle Actively Passes through the Center of typhoon Sinlaku (2020). Adv. Atmos. Sci. 38, 538–545 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1006-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1006-1