Abstract
In this paper, the latest progress, major achievements and future plans of Chinese meteorological satellites and the core data processing techniques are discussed. First, the latest three FengYun (FY) meteorological satellites (FY-2H, FY-3D, and FY-4A) and their primary objectives are introduced. Second, the core image navigation techniques and accuracies of the FY meteorological satellites are elaborated, including the latest geostationary (FY-2/4) and polar-orbit (FY-3) satellites. Third, the radiometric calibration techniques and accuracies of reflective solar bands, thermal infrared bands, and passive microwave bands for FY meteorological satellites are discussed. It also illustrates the latest progress of real-time calibration with the onboard calibration system and validation with different methods, including the vicarious China radiance calibration site calibration, pseudo invariant calibration site calibration, deep convective clouds calibration, and lunar calibration. Fourth, recent progress of meteorological satellite data assimilation applications and quantitative science produce are summarized at length. The main progress is in meteorological satellite data assimilation by using microwave and hyper-spectral infrared sensors in global and regional numerical weather prediction models. Lastly, the latest progress in radiative transfer, absorption and scattering calculations for satellite remote sensing is summarized, and some important research using a new radiative transfer model are illustrated.
摘要
本文讨论了中国气象卫星发展计划和核心数据处理技术近期进展和成果.首先介绍了我国最新的风云(FY)气象卫星及其主要任务目标.然后,详细阐述了静止和极轨气象卫星两个核心技术: 图像定位和辐射定标(太阳反射、热红外和被动微波波段). 第三,介绍了卫星在轨实时定标技术进展,以及基于中国多场地、伪不变定标场、深对流云和月亮观测的检验技术进展.第四,详细总结了近期气象卫星微波和红外高光谱资料在全球和区域天气预报模式同化中的应用.最后,总结了新的辐射传输模式和用于卫星遥感的气体吸收和散射计算研究进展.
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Acknowledgements
The authors sincerely appreciate the efforts of all of the contributors to this investigation and the cordial invitation from Profs. Daren LU and Jianchun BIAN. The authors also thank Chengli QI, Chunqiang WU, Yang GUO and Zhiwei WANG for their efforts with providing high-quality figures. This work was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2018YFB0504900 and 2015AA123700). Last but not least, we would also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers and editor for their thoughtful and constructive suggestions and comments.
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Article Highlights
• Summary of the primary objectives and performance of the latest FY meteorological satellites, including FY-4A, FY-3D and FY-2H.
• Description of the state-of-the-art image navigation and radiometric calibration procedure of the FY meteorological satellites.
• Outline of the major achievements of the FY meteorological satellite science products and data assimilation applications.
• Report on the latest progress in radiative transfer, absorption and scattering calculations for satellite remote sensing.
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Zhang, P., Lu, Q., Hu, X. et al. Latest Progress of the Chinese Meteorological Satellite Program and Core Data Processing Technologies. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 36, 1027–1045 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-8215-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-8215-x
Key words
- meteorological satellite
- geolocation
- calibration and validation
- satellite data assimilation
- radiative transfer model