Abstract
Outfit compatibility modeling is an increasingly important task that has garnered much attention from researchers, and graph neural network (GNN)-based methods have become the mainstream approach to address this task. Despite significant progress achieved by existing research, most of them have overlooked the importance of low-order connectivity in graph data and the relationship between individual fashion items and overall outfit style. To address this issue, we propose an outfit compatibility modeling scheme based on outfit-level relationships. This scheme consists of two key components: FCSA-GNN and GOR. The former consists of multiple layers of Fashion Items Relationship Propagation, where the weights of the graph edges are adapted based on the Category Co-occurrence Matrix. This approach avoids potential imbalances in the quantities of different fashion item categories within the dataset. Subsequently, by connecting the outputs of GNN at each layer, it explores the relationships between fashion item visual signals at different levels. The latter integrates the overall outfits style and further enhances the model’s ability to learn a comprehensive representation of the overall outfits through the proposed outfit-level relationships. Experimental results on two real datasets, Polyvore outfit-ND and Polyvore outfit-D, demonstrate that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods when considering only visual information.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data can be found from https://github.com/thethati/FCSA-NET.
References
Saranya, M., Geetha, P.: A deep learning-based feature extraction of cloth data using modified grab cut segmentation. Visual Comput. 39, 4195–4211 (2022)
Liu, W., Liu, Q., Tang, R., Chen, J., He, X., Heng, P.A.: Personalized re-ranking with item relationships for e-commerce. In: Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management, pp. 925–934 (2020)
Sarkar, R., Bodla, N., Vasileva, M., Lin, Y.-L., Beniwal, A., Lu, A., Medioni, G.: Outfittransformer: Outfit representations for fashion recommendation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 2263–2267 (2022)
Amin, M.S., Wang, C., Jabeen, S.: Fashion sub-categories and attributes prediction model using deep learning. Visual Comput., 1–14 (2022)
Wang, X., He, X., Wang, M., Feng, F., Chua, T.-S.: Neural graph collaborative filtering. In: Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 165–174 (2019)
Li, Q., Han, Z., Wu, X.-M.: Deeper insights into graph convolutional networks for semi-supervised learning. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 32 (2018)
Wijesinghe, A., Wang, Q.: A new perspective on" how graph neural networks go beyond weisfeiler-lehman?". In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2022)
Su, T., Song, X., Zheng, N., Guan, W., Li, Y., Nie, L.: Complementary factorization towards outfit compatibility modeling. In: Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 4073–4081 (2021)
Shajini, M., Ramanan, A.: A knowledge-sharing semi-supervised approach for fashion clothes classification and attribute prediction. Visual Comput. 38(11), 3551–3561 (2022)
Song, X., Feng, F., Liu, J., Li, Z., Nie, L., Ma, J.: Neurostylist: Neural compatibility modeling for clothing matching. In: Proceedings of the 25th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 753–761 (2017)
McAuley, J., Targett, C., Shi, Q., Van Den Hengel, A.: Image-based recommendations on styles and substitutes. In: Proceedings of the 38th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 43–52 (2015)
Song, X., Han, X., Li, Y., Chen, J., Xu, X.-S., Nie, L.: Gp-bpr: Personalized compatibility modeling for clothing matching. In: Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 320–328 (2019)
Han, X., Song, X., Yin, J., Wang, Y., Nie, L.: Prototype-guided attribute-wise interpretable scheme for clothing matching. In: Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 785–794 (2019)
Kaicheng, P., Xingxing, Z., Wong, W.K.: Modeling fashion compatibility with explanation by using bidirectional lstm. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3894–3898 (2021)
Dong, X., Song, X., Zheng, N., Wu, J., Dai, H., Nie, L.: Tryoncm2: try-on-enhanced fashion compatibility modeling framework. IEEE Transact. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. (2022)
Wang, H., Zeng, Y., Chen, J., Zhao, Z., Chen, H.: A spatiotemporal graph neural network for session-based recommendation. Expert Syst. Appl. 202, 117114 (2022)
Lin, Y.-L., Tran, S., Davis, L.S.: Fashion outfit complementary item retrieval. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3311–3319 (2020)
Yang, X., Xie, D., Wang, X., Yuan, J., Ding, W., Yan, P.: Learning tuple compatibility for conditional outfit recommendation. In: Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 2636–2644 (2020)
Jing, P., Cui, K., Guan, W., Nie, L., Su, Y.: Category-aware multimodal attention network for fashion compatibility modeling. IEEE Transact. Multimed. (2023)
Zhan, H., Lin, J., Ak, K.E., Shi, B., Duan, L.-Y., Kot, A.C.: \(a^{3}\)-fkg: attentive attribute-aware fashion knowledge graph for outfit preference prediction. IEEE Transact. Multimed. 24, 819–831 (2021)
Song, X., Fang, S.-T., Chen, X., Wei, Y., Zhao, Z., Nie, L.: Modality-oriented graph learning toward outfit compatibility modeling. IEEE Transact. Multimed. (2021)
Liu, X., Sun, Y., Liu, Z., Lin, D.: Learning diverse fashion collocation by neural graph filtering. IEEE Transact. Multimed. 23, 2894–2901 (2020)
Li, X., Wang, X., He, X., Chen, L., Xiao, J., Chua, T.-S.: Hierarchical fashion graph network for personalized outfit recommendation. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 159–168 (2020)
Li, Z., Li, J., Wang, T., Gong, X., Wei, Y., Luo, P.: Ocphn: outfit compatibility prediction with hypergraph networks. Mathematics 10(20), 3913 (2022)
Deldjoo, Y., Nazary, F., Ramisa, A., Mcauley, J., Pellegrini, G., Bellogin, A., Di Noia, T.: A review of modern fashion recommender systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:2202.02757 (2022)
Cucurull, G., Taslakian, P., Vazquez, D.: Context-aware visual compatibility prediction. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 12617–12626 (2019)
Zhang, B., Sheng, B., Li, P., Lee, T.-Y.: Depth of field rendering using multilayer-neighborhood optimization. IEEE Transact. Vis. Comput. Graphics 26(8), 2546–2559 (2019)
Guan, W., Wen, H., Song, X., Yeh, C.-H., Chang, X., Nie, L.: Multimodal compatibility modeling via exploring the consistent and complementary correlations. In: Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 2299–2307 (2021)
Zhang, J., Xiao, X., Huang, L.-K., Rong, Y., Bian, Y.: Fine-tuning graph neural networks via graph topology induced optimal transport. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.10453 (2022)
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J.: Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 770–778 (2016)
Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Hinton, G.E.: Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. Commun. ACM 60(6), 84–90 (2017)
Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J., Jones, L., Gomez, A.N., Kaiser, Ł., Polosukhin, I.: Attention is all you need. Adv. Neural Inform. Process. Syst. 30 (2017)
Han, X., Wu, Z., Jiang, Y.-G., Davis, L.S.: Learning fashion compatibility with bidirectional lstms. In: Proceedings of the 25th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 1078–1086 (2017)
Tan, R., Vasileva, M.I., Saenko, K., Plummer, B.A.: Learning similarity conditions without explicit supervision. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 10373–10382 (2019)
Vasileva, M.I., Plummer, B.A., Dusad, K., Rajpal, S., Kumar, R., Forsyth, D.: Learning type-aware embeddings for fashion compatibility. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), pp. 390–405 (2018)
Lin, Y.-L., Tran, S., Davis, L.S.: Fashion outfit complementary item retrieval. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3311–3319 (2020)
Xiao, L., Yamasaki, T.: Sat: Self-adaptive training for fashion compatibility prediction. In: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 2431–2435 (2022). IEEE
Cui, Z., Li, Z., Wu, S., Zhang, X.-Y., Wang, L.: Dressing as a whole: Outfit compatibility learning based on node-wise graph neural networks. In: The World Wide Web Conference, pp. 307–317 (2019)
Defferrard, M., Bresson, X., Vandergheynst, P.: Convolutional neural networks on graphs with fast localized spectral filtering. Adv. Neural Inform. Process. Syst. 29 (2016)
Brody, S., Alon, U., Yahav, E.: How attentive are graph attention networks? arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.14491 (2021)
Funding
This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China with No.61901308.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, H., Li, L., Yu, N. et al. Outfit compatibility model using fully connected self-adjusting graph neural network. Vis Comput (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-03238-6
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-03238-6