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Techniques for measuring bulge–scar pattern of free surface deformation and related velocity distribution in shallow water flow over a bump

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Abstract

One of the unsteady features of shallow water free surface waves over a bump is the bulge–scar pattern of the free surface deformation. An imaging technique is developed to measure the duration, displacement and size of the bulge–scar pattern from the bump top to the primary wave crest. A unique configuration of particle image velocimetry is used to measure the velocity distribution under the visualized free surface bulge at the primary wave trough. Test results indicate that the bulge–scar pattern of the free surface deformation is related to a stream-wise vortex pair in the secondary flow over the bump. The new measurement techniques may work together with the conventional measurement techniques to obtain a complete database for the shallow water free surface instability over the bump.

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Acknowledgments

The US Office of Naval Research sponsored this research through grants under the administration of Dr. Ki-Han Kim. Dr. D.H. Kang and Dr. S. Ghosh contributed to early stages of the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    Lichuan Gui, Hyunse Yoon & Frederick Stern

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  1. Lichuan Gui
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  2. Hyunse Yoon
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  3. Frederick Stern
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Correspondence to Frederick Stern.

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Gui, L., Yoon, H. & Stern, F. Techniques for measuring bulge–scar pattern of free surface deformation and related velocity distribution in shallow water flow over a bump. Exp Fluids 55, 1721 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-014-1721-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-014-1721-9

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