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Flow field characterization of coaxial conical and serrated (chevron) nozzles

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Abstract

PIV measurements were performed to provide insight into the effect of serrated (chevron) nozzles on the flow field of a coaxial circular jet. The serrations were tested on the primary nozzle. Mean flow results showed that the chevron effectively redistributes momentum from the high velocity center stream outward to the lower velocity secondary stream by creating lateral jets. This leads to a more rapid decay of the peak jet velocity and a consequent reduction in the length of the jet potential core. Local increases of up to 65% in the outer stream velocity were measured. The interaction of the secondary jets with the lower velocity outer stream produces increases in turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) near the center nozzle lip. These flow field effects correlate with the jet’s acoustic emissions: Reduction of low-frequency noise due to large scale mixing and potential core shortening, and increased high-frequency noise due to increased near-field turbulence.

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Abbreviations

A :

Cross sectional area

M :

Jet exhaust Mach number

\( \mathop m\limits^{ \cdot } \) :

Mass flow rate

N :

Number of chevron lobes

NPR:

Nozzle pressure ratio

T :

Temperature

TKE:

Turbulent kinetic energy

V :

Jet exhaust velocity

V shear :

Nozzle shear velocity (V p − V s)

V mix :

Nozzle mixed velocity

u′:

Axial turbulence component

v′:

Radial turbulence component

j:

Lateral/secondary jet (or lobe)

o:

Total or stagnation property

p:

Primary flow

s:

Secondary flow

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Acknowledgments

We wish to acknowledge GE Aircraft Engines of Cincinnati, OH, for providing funding and technical assistance with this research study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0070, USA

    Bryan Callender & Ephraim J. Gutmark

  2. GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA

    Steve Martens

Authors
  1. Bryan Callender
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  2. Ephraim J. Gutmark
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  3. Steve Martens
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Correspondence to Ephraim J. Gutmark.

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Callender, B., Gutmark, E.J. & Martens, S. Flow field characterization of coaxial conical and serrated (chevron) nozzles. Exp Fluids 48, 637–649 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-009-0751-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-009-0751-1

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