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Dynamic measurement of temperature, velocity, and density in hot jets using Rayleigh scattering

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Abstract

A molecular Rayleigh scattering technique is utilized to measure gas temperature, velocity, and density in unseeded gas flows at sampling rates up to 10 kHz, providing fluctuation information up to 5 kHz based on the Nyquist theorem. A high-power continuous-wave laser beam is focused at a point in an air flow field and Rayleigh scattered light is collected and fiber-optically transmitted to a Fabry–Perot interferometer for spectral analysis. Photomultiplier tubes operated in the photon counting mode allow high-frequency sampling of the total signal level and the circular interference pattern to provide dynamic density, temperature, and velocity measurements. Mean and root mean square velocity, temperature, and density, as well as power spectral density calculations, are presented for measurements in a hydrogen-combustor heated jet facility with a 50.8-mm diameter nozzle at NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field. The Rayleigh measurements are compared with particle image velocimetry data and computational fluid dynamics predictions. This technique is aimed at aeronautics research related to identifying noise sources in free jets, as well as applications in supersonic and hypersonic flows where measurement of flow properties, including mass flux, is required in the presence of shocks and ionization occurrence.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dennis Eck of Jacobs Sverdrup and Ray Loew of Sierra Lobo for their support in the setup and operation of the SHJAR facility and also Pete Eichele of Gilcrest for his assistance in the setup and installation of the Rayleigh scattering system. We would also like to thank Mark Wernet of the Optical Instrumentation and NDE Branch and James Bridges of the Acoustics Branch at NASA GRC for providing the PIV data that was presented, Abbas Khavaran of ASRC Aerospace and Donald Kenzakowski of Combustion Research & Flow Technology, Inc. for providing the RANS CFD predictions, and Giuseppe Tenti of the University of Waterloo for providing the 6-moment Rayleigh spectrum calculation code.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NASA Glenn Research Center, 21000 Brookpark Road, M.S. 77-1, Cleveland, OH, 44135, USA

    Amy F. Mielke

  2. Jacobs Sverdrup, 21000 Brookpark Road, M.S. 77-3, Cleveland, OH, 44135, USA

    Kristie A. Elam

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  1. Amy F. Mielke
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  2. Kristie A. Elam
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Correspondence to Amy F. Mielke.

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Mielke, A.F., Elam, K.A. Dynamic measurement of temperature, velocity, and density in hot jets using Rayleigh scattering. Exp Fluids 47, 673–688 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-009-0708-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-009-0708-4

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