Skip to main content
Log in

Optically efficient fluorescent tracers for multi-constituent PIV

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Experiments in Fluids Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper was motivated by the need for improved instrumentation to study mixing processes in multi-constituent and multi-phase fluid systems. The development of a single colour camera PIV system that can image micron size spectrally distinct fluorescent droplets in a multi-constituent gas phase flow is reported. Concentrations of fluorescent dyes in solution have been optimised to achieve sufficient fluorescence visibility. The adopted philosophy is to exploit the inherent co-registration offered by a 3-chip colour CCD camera with the images recorded in the three colour planes enabling flow constituent/phase to be determined as well as pulse order. The results show that the spectral discrimination process is robust and in a well mixed gas-phase flow the average error between the flow velocities in the two constituents is <4%. The use of UV excitation (on suitably excitable dyes) has the added benefit of spectrally separating the excitation wavelength from the imaging bandwidth to allow ‘flare removal’.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adrian RJ (1991) Particle imaging techniques for experimental fluid-mechanics. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 23:261–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boedec T, Simoens S (2001) Instantaneous and simultaneous planar velocity field measurements of two phases for turbulent mixing of high pressure sprays. Exp Fluids 31:506–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chennaoui M, McGhee EJ, Towers CE, Jones AC, Towers DP (2006) Flare Removal in gas phase PIV: optimization of fluorescent tracers. In: 13th International symposium on applied laser techniques to fluid mechanics, Lisbon, Portugal, June 26–29

  • Damaschke N, Nobach H, Nonn T, Semidetnov N, Tropea C (2005) Multi-dimensional particle sizing techniques. Experiments in Fluids 39:336–350

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dantec (1998) Linking PIV and LIF to measure two-phase water-bubble flows. Dantec newsletter 5 (1)

  • Gharib M, Hernan MA, Yavrouian AH, Sarohia V (1985) Flow velocity measurement by imageprocessing of optically activated tracers. In: AIAA 23rd aerospace sciences meeting (Reno, Nevada, January), American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal, Paper No. 85-0172

  • Hassan YA (1998) Handbook of fluid dynamics. In: Johnson RW (ed) Multiphase flow measurements using particle image velocimetry, Chap. 36. CRC Press, West Palm Beach. ISBN-10: 0849325099

  • Huang PS, Hu QY, Jin F, Chiang FP (1999) Color-encoded digital fringe projection technique for high-speed three-dimensional surface contouring. Opt Eng 38:1065–1071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jakobsen ML, Easson WJ, Greated C, Glass DH (1996) Particle image velocimetry: simultaneous two-phase flow measurements. Meas Sci Technol 7:1270–1280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kiger KT, Pan C (2000) PIV technique for simultaneous measurement of dilute two-phase flows. ASME J Fluids Eng 122:811–818

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGhee EJ, Towers CE, Chennaoui M, Jones AC, Towers DP (2005) Multi-constituent PIV using fluorescent particles and UV excitation. In: Sixth international symposium on particle image velocimetry, Pasadena, California, USA, September 21–23

  • Melling A (1997) Tracer particles and seeding for particle image velocimetry. Meas Sci Technol 8:1406–1416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rottenkolber G, Gindele J, Raposo J, Dullenkopf K, Hentschel W, Wittig S, Spicher U, Merzkirch W (2002) Spray analysis of a gasoline direct injector by means of two-phase PIV. Exp Fluids 32:710–721

    Google Scholar 

  • Semidetnov N, Tropea C (2004) Conversion relationships for multidimensional particle sizing techniques. Meas Sci Technol 15:112–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Towers DP, Towers CE, Buckberry CH, Reeves M (1999) A colour PIV system employing fluorescent particles for two-phase flow measurements. Meas Sci Technol 10:824–830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walther J, Schaller JK, Wirth R, Tropea C (2000) Characterization of cavitating flow fields in transparent diesel injection nozzles using fluorescent particle image velocimetry (FPIV). In: ILASS Europe conference, paper I.8

  • Westerweel J (1997) Fundamentals of digital particle image velocimetry. Meas Sci Technol 8:1379–1392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z, Towers CE, Towers DP (2006) Time efficient colour fringe projection system for 3D shape and color using optimum 3-frequency selection. Opt Express 14(4):6444–6455

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for funding under grant reference GR/S69108.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. P. Towers.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Angarita-Jaimes, D.A., Ormsby, M.P., Chennaoui, M. et al. Optically efficient fluorescent tracers for multi-constituent PIV. Exp Fluids 45, 623–631 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-008-0558-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-008-0558-5

Keywords

Navigation