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Influence of local ultrasonic forcing on a turbulent boundary layer

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Abstract

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effect of local ultrasonic forcing on a turbulent boundary layer. The ultrasonic forcing system was constructed by adhering six ultrasonic transducers to a flat plate over which water was flowed. In this system, the ultrasonic waves projected into the water by the transducers caused cavitation, giving rise to an enormous number of tiny water-vapor bubbles. Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV) was used to probe the flow characteristics. The SPIV results showed that imposition of the ultrasonic forcing caused a substantial increase in the mean wall-normal velocity but a decrease in the mean streamwise velocity. The ultrasonic forcing reduced the skin friction coefficient by up to 60% immediately downstream of the transducers; this effect gradually dissipated with moving downstream. The streamwise turbulence intensity was reduced near the wall but increased away from the wall, whereas the wall-normal turbulence intensity was not much affected near the wall but increased away from the wall. The Reynolds shear stress and the production of turbulent kinetic energy were reduced near the wall. Imposition of the ultrasonic forcing shifted the streamwise vortical structures away from the wall, leading to a reduction in skin friction.

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Abbreviations

C f :

skin friction coefficient

K* :

energy partition parameter, 2u 2/(v 2+ w 2)

Re θ :

Reynolds number, U ∞θ/ν

U :

mean streamwise velocity

U ∞ :

free-stream velocity (m/s)

u :

streamwise turbulent intensity

u τ :

friction velocity

−uv :

Reynolds shear stress

V :

mean wall-normal velocity

v :

wall-normal turbulent intensity

w :

spanwise turbulent intensity

x :

streamwise direction

v :

wall-normal direction

z :

spanwise direction

θ:

momentum thickness (mm)

ρ:

density (kg/m3)

υ:

kinematic viscosity

+:

normalization by wall unit

∞:

free-stream

o:

no-forcing

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kuseong-dong Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea

    Young Soo Park & Hyung Jin Sung

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  1. Young Soo Park
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  2. Hyung Jin Sung
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Correspondence to Hyung Jin Sung.

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Park, Y.S., Sung, H.J. Influence of local ultrasonic forcing on a turbulent boundary layer. Exp Fluids 39, 966–976 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0021-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0021-9

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