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Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Intraokularlinsen

  • Leitthema: Intraokularlinsen
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Zusammenfassung

Werden kataraktchirurgische Eingriffe auch seit über 2.000 Jahren durchgeführt, so begann die Geschichte der Intraokularlinsenimplantationen jedoch erst vor 50 Jahren mit der ersten Implantation durch Sir Harold Ridley. Die Entwicklung der Kunstlinsen zeichnete sich durch einen ständigen Wechsel von Erfolgen und Misserfolgen aus. Mit der Weiterentwicklung der kataraktchirurgischen Techniken (ECCE, Phakoemulsifikation, Kapsulorhexis) kam es in den letzten 15 Jahren zu einem besonders erfolgreichen Zusammenwirken von Kunstlinsenentwicklung und Operationsmethoden. Das Indikationsspektrum zur Intraokularlinsenimplantation und zur Kataraktchirurgie ganz allgemein weitet sich dabei ständig auf weitere Patienten- und Altersgruppen aus. Zurzeit beginnt sich die Intraokularlinsenchirurgie von der klassischen Kataraktchirurgie dahingehend zu lösen, dass im Rahmen von refraktiven Eingriffen klare Linsen operiert werden bzw. Kunstlinsen zur Korrektur höhergradiger Ametropien in phake Augen implantiert werden. Insbesondere diese Entwicklung ist nur aufgrund der hohen Erfolgs- und immer niedrigeren Komplikationsrate der klassischen Katarakt- und Intraokularlinsenchirurgie möglich.

Abstract

Even though cataract surgery has been practised for over 2000 years, modern cataract surgery started just some 50 years ago.with the first IOL implantation by Sir Harold Ridley. The development of intraocular lenses was accompanied by great successes and disasters. With the fast development of cataract surgical techniques over the past 15 years (ECCE, Phacoemulsification, Capsulorhexis) a successful mariage between IOL-developments and surgery was established. Indication profiles for cataract surgery and IOL implantation extended to more and more patient groups. At this time classical cataract surgery is further developing into refractive intraocular lens surgery to correct higher ametropia in clear lens or phakic eyes. This development was only possible because of the improvements of surgical techniques and implants in classical cataract surgery.

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  1. Universitäts-Augenklinik der Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    G. U. Auffarth

  2. Center for Research on Ocular Therapeutics and Biodevices, Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina, USA

    D. J. Apple

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Auffarth, G., Apple, D. Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Intraokularlinsen. Ophthalmologe 98, 1017–1031 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s003470170020

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