Aufbau und Funktion der Hörbahn

Anatomy and physiology of the auditory pathway

Der Ophthalmologe volume 117, pages1068–1073(2020)Cite this article

Zusammenfassung

Das auditive System setzt sich aus dem in der Peripherie gelegenen Ohr, in dem eine Umwandlung des Schalls in ein elektrisches Signal stattfindet, und Neuronen, die anhand von Aktionspotenzialen eine zentrale Verarbeitung durchführen, zusammen. Die wichtigsten anatomischen und funktionellen Merkmale des auditiven Systems werden erläutert. Dazu fand eine selektive Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken PubMed (auch in der Europe PubMed Central), Psychline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library und Web of Science statt, und zusätzliche Angaben einschlägiger Werke bzw. Websites auf den Gebieten (Neuro‑)Anatomie, (Neuro‑)Physiologie und (Neuro‑)Otologie, u. a. mit den Suchbegriffen Hörbahn, „auditory system“, „auditory pathway“, „receptors“, „spatial hearing“, „auditory cognition“ wurden mit einbezogen.

Abstract

The auditory system consists of the ear located in the periphery, in which a conversion of the sound into an electrical signal takes place, and neurons, which perform central processing based on action potentials. The most important anatomical and functional features of the auditory system are explained. For this purpose, a selective literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed (also in the Europe PubMed Central), Psychline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Additional information was obtained from relevant books or websites in the fields of (neuro)anatomy, (neuro)physiology, (neuro)ophthalmology and (neuro)otology, among others with the keywords Hörbahn, auditory system, auditory pathway, receptors, spatial hearing and auditory cognition.

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Danksagung

Die Autoren danken Frau Irena Stingl für die Unterstützung bei der Erarbeitung der Grafiken.

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Affiliations

  1. Fakultät für Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. Ivan Milenkovic

  2. Fakultät für Optik und Mechatronik, Studiengang Augenoptik; Kompetenzzentrum „Vision Research“, Hochschule Aalen, Anton-Huber-Str. 23, 73430, Aalen, Deutschland

    Ulrich Schiefer & Judith Ungewiss M.Sc.

  3. Department für Augenheilkunde, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Ulrich Schiefer & Regina Ebenhoch

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  1. Prof. Dr. Ivan Milenkovic
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  2. Ulrich Schiefer
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  4. Judith Ungewiss M.Sc.
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Correspondence to Prof. Dr. Ivan Milenkovic.

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Interessenkonflikt

U. Schiefer ist als Consultant für die Fa. Haag-Streit, Köniz, Schweiz, tätig. I. Milenkovic, R. Ebenhoch und J. Ungewiss geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Milenkovic, I., Schiefer, U., Ebenhoch, R. et al. Aufbau und Funktion der Hörbahn. Ophthalmologe 117, 1068–1073 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-020-01070-0

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Schlüsselwörter

  • Auditives System
  • Neuroanatomie
  • Neurophysiologie
  • Otologie
  • Signalverarbeitung

Keywords

  • Auditory system
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Neurophysiology
  • Otology
  • Action potential