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Ein Januskopf?

Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen der Interferontherapie in der Augenheilkunde

Janus-faced?

Effects and side-effects of interferon therapy in ophthalmology

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Zusammenfassung

In der Augenheilkunde werden heutzutage überwiegend das Interferon alpha (IFN α) und das Interferon beta (IFN β) eingesetzt. Beide Substanzen gehören zu den Typ-I-Interferonen, die den gleichen Rezeptor nutzen und somit sehr ähnliche therapeutische Effekte auslösen. Klinische Studien in der Ophthalmologie bezüglich des Typ-II-Interferons, dem Interferon gamma (IFN γ), finden sich nicht. Die Interferone gehören zu den natürlich vorkommenden Zytokinen und zeigen einen immunmodulatorischen Effekt. Hierzu gehören neben der Modulation der Antikörperproduktion auch die Inhibition der Hypersensitivitätsreaktion vom verzögerten Typ sowie die Zunahme der Zytotoxizität von T- und NK-Zellen. Eine zunehmende Anzahl von klinischen Studien und Fallbeispielen bestätigt die Effektivität von IFN-α insbesondere für die Augenbeteiligung beim M. Behçet und für IFN-β, das hauptsächlich in der Therapie der multiplen Sklerose eingesetzt wird.

Abstract

Interferon alpha (IFN-α) and interferon beta (IFN-β) are naturally occurring cytokines, which belong to the type I interferons and share the same receptor leading to very similar therapeutic effects. The immunomodulatory effect of type I interferons includes modulation of antibody production, inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, inhibition of delayed-type hypersensitivity and enhancement of T-cell and NK-cell cytotoxicity. An increasing number of open clinical studies and case reports have demonstrated the efficacy of IFN-α for severe ocular inflammation in patients with Behçet’s disease and of interferon-β, which has been used mainly for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Augenklinik, Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Deutschland

    N. Stübiger, S. Winterhalter & U. Pleyer

  2. Department für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland

    D. Doycheva, M. Zierhut & C. Deuter

Authors
  1. N. Stübiger
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  2. S. Winterhalter
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  3. U. Pleyer
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  4. D. Doycheva
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  5. M. Zierhut
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  6. C. Deuter
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Correspondence to N. Stübiger.

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Stübiger, N., Winterhalter, S., Pleyer, U. et al. Ein Januskopf?. Ophthalmologe 108, 204–212 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-010-2261-1

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